Free Essays on Midsummer Night’s Dream

The Shadow of True Love A Midsummer Night’s Dream by William Shakespeare is a play about romantic, true love. Although the play is a comedy, behind the sexual innuendos and theatrical jokes a tragic subplot runs throughout the play. The play destroys all the noble ideals of true love leaving only a shadow of irrational passion. Every virtue of the romantic true love of the Elizabethan time is decimated and ridiculed as the play progresses. Every relationship hacks away at the stability, the nobility, the gravity, and the power of love. Thus, the play whittles away the idea of a true love, an emotion so profound that nothing could overcome it, into nothing more than a frivolous midsummer night’s dream. The supposed true love of Demetrius, Lysander, Hermia, and Helena stand out as the most prominent example of the instability of love. The love of these four individuals seems to run their lives. Every action of these four characters seems to be spurred by nothing more than love. When Lysander and Hermia plan to meet in the woods Hermia’s first response to the idea is to â€Å"swear to thee, by Cupid’s strongest bow† (I.i.171). Helena betrays her Hermia’s plan to Demetrius solely to gain the attention and maybe even his love. The weight of love is heavy in the minds and actions of the four lovers. Thus when Puck and Oberon misguide the eyes of love so easily, love’s value seems to be diminished. Lysander's love is so easily turned that he goes from saying to Hermia â€Å"One heart, one bed, two bosoms, and one troth† (II.ii.43) to â€Å"Hermia, sleep thou there: And never mayst thou come Lysander near† (II.ii.134-135) in the sam e scene. At the same time the love that Lysander and Hermia share is often considered â€Å"true love† (I.i.33) and yet it is turned so easily. Oberon even states this idea as he tells Puck â€Å"Some true-love turn’d and not a false turn’d true† (III.ii.90). Love even turns to disgust a... Free Essays on Midsummer Night’s Dream Free Essays on Midsummer Night’s Dream The Shadow of True Love A Midsummer Night’s Dream by William Shakespeare is a play about romantic, true love. Although the play is a comedy, behind the sexual innuendos and theatrical jokes a tragic subplot runs throughout the play. The play destroys all the noble ideals of true love leaving only a shadow of irrational passion. Every virtue of the romantic true love of the Elizabethan time is decimated and ridiculed as the play progresses. Every relationship hacks away at the stability, the nobility, the gravity, and the power of love. Thus, the play whittles away the idea of a true love, an emotion so profound that nothing could overcome it, into nothing more than a frivolous midsummer night’s dream. The supposed true love of Demetrius, Lysander, Hermia, and Helena stand out as the most prominent example of the instability of love. The love of these four individuals seems to run their lives. Every action of these four characters seems to be spurred by nothing more than love. When Lysander and Hermia plan to meet in the woods Hermia’s first response to the idea is to â€Å"swear to thee, by Cupid’s strongest bow† (I.i.171). Helena betrays her Hermia’s plan to Demetrius solely to gain the attention and maybe even his love. The weight of love is heavy in the minds and actions of the four lovers. Thus when Puck and Oberon misguide the eyes of love so easily, love’s value seems to be diminished. Lysander's love is so easily turned that he goes from saying to Hermia â€Å"One heart, one bed, two bosoms, and one troth† (II.ii.43) to â€Å"Hermia, sleep thou there: And never mayst thou come Lysander near† (II.ii.134-135) in the sam e scene. At the same time the love that Lysander and Hermia share is often considered â€Å"true love† (I.i.33) and yet it is turned so easily. Oberon even states this idea as he tells Puck â€Å"Some true-love turn’d and not a false turn’d true† (III.ii.90). Love even turns to disgust a...

The Life of Alexandre Dumas, Classic Adventure Writer

The Life of Alexandre Dumas, Classic Adventure Writer French author  Alexandre Dumas (born Dumas Davy de la Pailleterie; July 24, 1802 – December 5, 1870) wrote novels that came to epitomize the adventure genre. In works such as  The Three Musketeers and The Count of Monte Cristo, Dumas eschewed historical accuracy and literary elegance to craft stories that  delivered non-stop action.   Fast Facts: Alexandre Dumas Born: July 24, 1802 in Soissons, FranceDied: December 5, 1870 in Dieppe, FranceOccupation: WriterNotable Works:  The Count of Monte Cristo,  The Three Musketeers,  The Corsican BrothersLiterary Movements: Historical fiction, Romanticism  Famous Quote: All human wisdom is summed up  in these  two words,- Wait and hope. (The Count of Monte Cristo) Early Years Born in France in 1802, Dumas was the son of famed general Thomas-Alexandre Davy de La Pailleterie and the grandson of Marie Cà ©sette Dumas, an enslaved woman of African descent. His last name, Dumas, was adopted from his grandmother.  Although the family enjoyed some rank and connection due to General Dumas’ lineage and fame, they were not at all wealthy, and their situation worsened in 1806, when General Dumas died of cancer.   Without much money for an education, Dumas managed to educate himself and take advantage of family connections. When the French monarchy was restored after Napoleon’s final defeat, Dumas made his way to Paris in 1822 to make a living, intending initially to work as a lawyer. He found work in the household of the Duke of Orleans, a future king of France. A Revolutionary Playwright   Dumas was not satisfied with his new position in the household of the Duke of Orleans. He  almost immediately began writing plays, collaborating with the actor Franà §ois-Joseph Talma. His plays were instant hits, written in a raucous, energetic style filled with violence and dramatic plot twists. Dumas made enough money from the plays and articles he published in magazines that he was able to become a full-time writer by 1830. When a second revolution seized France, Dumas took up arms. He fought in the streets to dethrone Charles X in favor of his former employer, the Duke of Orleans, who became King Louis-Phillippe. Novelist and Collaborator Dumas began working in the novel format in the late 1830s. Noting that newspapers were publishing serial novels, he reworked one of his existing plays into a novel, Le Capitaine Paul. He soon founded a studio and hired writers to work on ideas and outlines that he generated, thus inventing  a business model still followed by some writers today.   Historians disagree about the  extent of his collaborators contributions, but there is no doubt that Dumas energetically increased his output by relying on other writers to flesh out ideas and sometimes write large portions of his books. This process allowed him to maximize his income and become incredibly prolific as a writer. (The fact that Dumas was frequently paid by the word or line is reflected in the surfeit of dialog in his books.) During the 1840s, Dumas’ major novels were written and published. Those works, which include  The Fencing Master, The Count of Monte Cristo, and The Three Musketeers,  exemplify Dumas’ style: explosive opening action, endless excitement, no-frills writing, and a serial format.  The plots are not strictly formed; instead, they meander, resisting typical  narrative structures. The characters  are defined by their actions, rather than an internal monologue or other psychological factors. In all, Dumas published a remarkable amount of material:  more than 100,000 pages of novels, plays, articles, travelogues, and other writings. Personal Life Dumas married  Ida Ferrier in 1840, but historians believe that he had  nearly 40 mistresses and fathered anywhere from four to seven children in his lifetime.  Dumas only acknowledged one son, also named Alexandre Dumas, who became a celebrated author in his own right. Dumas  spent exorbitantly during his lifetime, at one point building a chateau that cost 500,000 gold francs. (At the time, the average laborer earned about 2-3 francs per day.)  As a result of his lifestyle, Dumas ran out of money in later life, despite his many successes. He wrote several poorly-received novels in an effort to drum up more income.   Death and Legacy Dumas died after suffering from a stroke in 1870. It is believed that he may have contracted syphilis at some point in his life, and that the disease may have contributed to his death. Prolific and energetic, Dumas produced historical adventure stories that have endured long after loftier works have faded into obscurity. His focus on action, his disdain for psychological exploration, and his sheer fluidity with language have made several of his novels all-time classics that are still read, taught, and adapted today.   Sources â€Å"David Coward on Alexandre Dumas.† The Guardian, Guardian News and Media, 16 Apr. 2003, www.theguardian.com/books/2003/apr/16/alexandredumaspere.Tonkin, Boyd. â€Å"The Role of Race in the Life and Literature of Alexandre Dumas: The Episode That Inspired the Man behind the Musketeers.†Ã‚  The Independent, Independent Digital News and Media, 16 Jan. 2014,  www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/tv/features/the-role-of-race-in-the-life-and-literature-of-alexandre-dumas-the-episode-that-inspired-the-man-9065506.html.Università © De Montrà ©al - IForum - Forum Express - Vol 4 No 1 - French Studies - Quebecer Discovers an Unpublished Manuscript by Alexandre Dumas,  www.iforum.umontreal.ca/ForumExpress/Archives/vol4no1en/article02_ang.html.Wallace, Irving. The Intimate Sex Lives of Famous People. Feral House, 2008.

The fundamental points at issue between the Keynesian and classical Essay - 1

The fundamental points at issue between the Keynesian and classical traditions in UK - Essay Example The Great Depression did last approximately for a decade. It was the period between early 1931 and March 1933 when the depression became great and spread to other nations. The period of Great Depression is mainly recalled for significant unemployment, massive poverty and political turbulence that it caused. For the period of 1931-1940, the rate of unemployment was hovering around 18 percent. During the period of Great Depression net investment was negative and there was a massive fall in consumer price index as well. Between 1929 and 1933, the consumer price index dropped by 25 percent approximately. (Dornbusch and Fischer, 1994) Classical economists did not provide any elaborate explanations for such a huge economic downturn in developed nations like UK, USA and others. However, Keynes has recognized unchecked market movement as the prime reason behind such a great economic downfall. Classical economists mainly focused on the supply side of the economy to search for reason for this depression. However, Keynes held the aggregate demand side of the economy with great importance and recommended counter cyclical fiscal measures to improve aggregate demand. During 1933-1937, some recovery took place in the economy. Real GNP experienced a rapid growth at a rate of almost 9 percent annually. This rapid growth in GNP, however, fell to make a significant fall in the rate of unemployment. In 1938, another economic recession struck the economy and pushed unemployment rate up to 20 percent once again. The Great Depression caused a number of nations to change their political structure as many economists including Keynes considered this severe recession a result of unchecked capitalism. (Dornbusch and Fischer, 1994) There are two major schools of thought in the field of macroeconomics- Keynesian and Classical. Like other developed nations, UK used to follow Classical policy tools to deal with its

A New Company Valuation Model and its Application On the Royal Bank of Essay

A New Company Valuation Model and its Application On the Royal Bank of Scotland Plc - Essay Example Bank of Scotland consortium, where the transaction price was approximately â‚ ¬72billion and in the end, this investment was found to be worth nearly zero. Investors have lost billions of pounds and dollars amidst hypes of valuations in practically everything where one may look for an opportunity to invest safely and expect returns. One of the reasons for such losses is that investors are not sufficiently well informed about their investment decisions that they are making or the risks that they are taking on. Buyers tend to depend upon market information published by various organisations or rating agencies. The irony is, these agencies themselves have been inflating the values amidst their own problems. Accordingly, the valuation of companies should no longer be treated as sacrosanct. The specialised lengthy and complex process that companies carry out to make decisions pertaining to mergers and acquisitions can no longer be taken for what it is. Every investor buying shares in a listed company should have reasonable visibility into the value of the company so that he/she can judge the risks and develop balanced portfolios. This dissertation will document comprehensively the current generally accepted concepts and methodologies of company valuation techniques. In addition it will be my endeavour to propose an integrated model in which the investors can apply data and information and evaluate the company value with a reasonable level of accuracy. In this dissertation an effort has been made to address the problems related to the methodology of valuations that has been adopted recently to predict the net worth of companies. The current financial valuation techniques of a company primarily comprise of four methods (Jacob, 2004: pp1-4 and Fernandes, 2007: pp2-19); All four methods result in different ways of thinking and often in different valuations. The investors normally do not understand which method is more suitable for them to use for making the most informed

Jahari Window Essay Example for Free

Jahari Window Essay The Johari Window, named after the first names of its inventors, Joseph Luft and Harry Ingham, is one of the most useful models describing the process of human interaction. A four paned window divides personal awareness into four different types, as represented by its four quadrants: open, hidden, blind, and unknown. The lines dividing the four panes are like window shades, which can move as an interaction progresses (Daft, 2011 pg. 273-276). The Johari Window concept would be particularly helpful for leaders to promote understanding employee/employer relationships and is a simple and useful tool for illustrating and improving self-awareness, and mutual understanding between individuals within a group. The Johari Window actually represents information such as feelings, experience, views, attitudes, skills, intentions, motivation, etc, within or about a person, in relation to their group, from four perspectives (Daft, 2011, pg. 275). The Johari Window model can also be used to represent the same information for a group in relation to other groups. Johari Window terminology refers to self and others: self means oneself, ie, the person subject to the Johari Window analysis. Others means other people in the persons group or team (Dart, 2011, pg. 275). The Johari window, essentially being a model for communication, can also reveal difficulties in this area. In Johari terms, two people attempt to communicate via the open quadrants. On the simplest level, difficulties may arise due to a lack of clarity in the interaction, such as poor grammar or choice of words, unorganized thoughts, faulty logic etc. This induces the receiver to criticize you, the sender, by revealing something that was in your blind quadrant. Then, if the feedback works, you correct it immediately, or perhaps on a more long term approach take a course in reading and writing. On a deeper level, you may be in a group meeting, and while you secretly sympathize with the minority viewpoint, you voted with the majority. However, blind to you, you actually may be communicating this information via body language, in conflict with your verbal message. On an even deeper level, you in an interaction with others, may always put on a smiling, happy face, hiding all negative feelings. By withholding negative feelings, you may be signaling to your friends to withhold also, and keep their distance. Thus, your communication style may seem bland or distant (Chapman, 2010).

Essay --

While living in the Bay Area, I have a valuable opportunity to experience many interesting food cultures. Doing my report on cultural traditions, I am inspired to enrich my knowledge in the culture that I have little knowledge of. Through the interview presentations, personal experiences shared by students, and several suggestions of indicative foods by the instructor, I have gained interests in different food habits and food symbolisms. After doing small research on each topic to decide what I am really interested in, I chose to learn more about the Seder plate in Passover tradition. The meanings of the celebration as well as the symbolic foods intertwine with the Jewish history of more than 210 years of slavery in Egypt. Though I have learnt about the cruelty of slavery, I have never known about any celebrated festival to commemorate on the journey to freedom from bondage. I am curious in understanding how symbolic foods that are emphasized in this festival represent the experienc es that the Israelites faced and their passage to freedom. Passover (also known as Pesach in Hebrew) is one of the most sacred festival in the Jewish calendar and the longest continuing ritual in the human history. Since 1300 B.C, Jews celebrate this tradition to commemorate the national freedom of the Children of Israel and recalls stories behind the Israelites' departure from the land of Egypt. Spring time signifies the season of Passover, which begins at the sunset marking the fifteenth day of Nisan, the first month in Jewish calendar. In modern calendar, that is between April and May. The story of Passover is written in the Book of Exodus, the second book of Hebrew Bible. Over 3000 years ago, Pharoah, the King of Egypt, enslaved Jews and tortur... ...e tradition. Hopefully, the younger generations will continue to celebrate the sacred celebration to maintain their heritage in the future. Besides the historical meaning behind this tradition, the Seder plate in Passover celebration not only teaches the younger generation to recall the past painful experiences from slavery, but also emphasizes on the positive sides of their successful journey and their joyful moments. Each of the symbolic foods of the Passover Seder Plate has an interesting meaning, and together, they created complex layered meaning of the tradition. Family and friends come together to reflect upon history, sympathize the tragedies, and celebrate the triumphs of their ancestors. It is extraordinary that all Jews around the world strongly symbolize their ancestors’ experiences and spread it as the foundation of national identity.

Educational preparadness Essay

Write a formal paper (750-1,000 words) that addresses the following: 1.Discuss the differences in competencies between nurses prepared at the associate-degree level versus the baccalaureate-degree level in nursing. 2.Identify a patient care situation in which you describe how nursing care or approaches to decision-making may differ based upon the educational preparation of the nurse (BSN versus a diploma or ADN degree). For additional help finding research on this topic, refer to the GCU Library tutorial located at in the Student Success Center. Refer to the American Association of Colleges of Nursing (AACN) Fact Sheet: Creating a More Highly Qualified Nursing Workforce (http://www.aacn.nche.edu/media-relations/NursingWorkforce.pdf)as a resource. Refer to the assigned readings for concepts that help support your main points. Refer to â€Å"Grand Canyon University College of Nursing Philosophy.† This is an informational resource to assist in completing the assignment. Prepare this assignment according to the APA guidelines found in the APA Style Guide, located in the Student Success Center. An abstract is not required. This assignment uses a grading rubric. Instructors will be using the rubric to grade the assignment; therefore, students should review the rubric prior to beginning the assignment to become familiar with the assignment criteria and expectations for successful completion of the assignment. You are required to submit this assignment to Turnitin. Refer to the directions in the Student Success Center. Only Word documents can be Educational Preparedness Erin Wakefield NRS 430 Professional Dynamics June 8, 2014 1.Discuss the differences in competencies between nurses prepared at the associate-degree level versus the baccalaureate-degree level in nursing. 2.Identify a patient care situation in which you describe how nursing care or approaches to decision-making may differ based upon the educational preparation of the nurse (BSN versus a diploma or ADN degree). All focus on health, environment and person—gcu philosophy of nursing Nursing as a profession is a field that continues to grow and expand with opportunities. As these opportunities are created, expectations related to level of competency and fund of knowledge are increased. As a whole we are all RNs and have taken the NCLEX examination which as ( aach website) states it â€Å"tests for minimum technical competency for safe entry into basic nursing practice.† However, there are different levels of education and competency. As an associate degree RN or baccalaureate degree in nursing are considered â€Å"entry level RN†, and those who pursue further education such as Masters degree or doctorate level are considered â€Å" advanced professional nurses or nursing† (gateway philosophy of nursing†. ) With each education level of nursing comes differences in competencies and knowledge. For example as an associate degree or baccalaureate degree in nursing you are educated on the skills and foundations of â€Å"assessing, critical thinking, communicating, providing care, teaching and leading,† according to GCU Philosophy of nursing. Not only are we taught the skills needed, instructors would also focus on the concepts of autonomy, altruism, human dignity in respect to any individual receiving care regardless of who that person is. These values in conjunction with the skills taught help to create a not only knowledgeable but compassionate and caring nurse. GCU philosophy of nursing focus on both the skills and values needed to create an entry level BSN nurse. At a masters level of nursing or advanced professional nursing on is considered Master’s nursing practice expands upon baccalaureate nursing concepts to include clinical practice knowledge, coaching/mentoring/teaching, consulting/collaborating, advanced leadership, and nursing education with a focus on research and quality assurance, critical thinking, spirituality, diversity, caring, and life-long learning. The advanced professional nursing role relies on best practices and evidence-based research with a focus on evaluation of health, outcomes, and processes.

Feminism in Doll’s House Essay

One of the primary tenets of Marxism is the belief that human thought is a product of the individual’s social and economic conditions, their relationships with others are often undermined by those conditions (Letterbie 1259), and that the weak or less-fortunate are always exploited by the richer bourgeoisie. A common theme found in Henrik Ibsen’s play, â€Å"A Dolls House,† is the exploitation of the weak and the poor by the strong and the rich, and an obsession with material possession. The characters in â€Å"A Dolls House† are all affected by the lack or acquisition of money, and their entire lives and way of thinking are based upon it. Therefore, a Marxist theme pervades throughout much of the play and can be seen from each of the main character’s perspectives. Nora’s way of thinking and her outlook on life are both completely dominated by her material wealth and financial conditions. For example, when the play begins Nora is just returning home from a shopping trip. She enters the apartment with an â€Å"armload of packages† (43) and is followed by a boy carrying a Christmas tree. Nora then tells Helene, one of their maids, to hide the tree so the kids won’t see it until it’s been decorated. When Torvald enters, she asks him for money so she can â€Å"hang the bills in gilt paper† as Christmas tree decorations (45). The tree symbolizes her obsession with money because she didn’t want anyone to see it until it had been decorated to show off their newfound wealth. Previously, she made the decorations by hand, spending an entire day on the project. Doing the same now would be â€Å"thinking poor† in her mind, so she spends excessive amounts of money on presents and decorates the tree with it because now they can afford to â€Å"let themselves go a bit† (44). Now that Nora belongs to a higher social class she practically throws money away. She tells the tree delivery boy to keep the change from the crown she gave him, paying him twice what he asks. Despite the fact that Torvald’s raise won’t come into effect for another three months, she insists that â€Å"we can borrow until then† (44) when previously she and Torvald saved every penny they could in order to get by, and they both worked odd jobs in order to supplement their income. She becomes more selfish as well, claiming that if something were to happen to Torvald after they had borrowed money, â€Å"it just wouldn’t matter† (44) because the people they borrowed from are strangers. Now that they belong to a higher social class, her responsibility has flown out the door and she cares only for her own interests. She doesn’t care what would happen to the â€Å"strangers† she borrowed from, because she concentrates only on what she can extract from other people. Also, when her friend Kristine comes over, the first thing she mentions is her husband’s new job, claiming that she feels â€Å"so light and happy† (49) because they now â€Å"have stacks of money and not a care in the world† (49). When the wiser Kristine answers that it would be nice â€Å"to have enough for the necessities† (50) Nora insists that that is not enough-she repeats that she wants â€Å"stacks and stacks of money† (50). After she tells Kristine she borrowed the money for the trip to Italy, and tells her about all the â€Å"hard work† she did in order to pay it off, she says her worries â€Å"don’t matter anymore because now I’m free! † (56). She equates freedom with the acquisition of wealth, saying that having money is the only way she can be â€Å"carefree and happy† (56). By the end of the play, however, she realizes that even if she is able to be free of her debts, she is still financially enslaved to her husband, because as a woman she is completely dependant on him. She refers to leaving him as â€Å"closing out their accounts,† (108) and in doing so â€Å"she renounces not only her marital vows but also her financial dependence because she has discovered that personal and human freedom are not measured in economic terms,† (Letterbie 1260). Nora’s entire outlook on life changes with a change in her economic conditions, thereby demonstrating the Marxist belief that people’s thoughts are a product of their financial situations. Torvald is much more careful with money, but he too bases his outlook on life and relationships solely on money and the status it earns him. When he hears Nora return from shopping, he asks if â€Å"his little spendthrift has been out throwing money around again,† (44) saying that they â€Å"really can’t go squandering† (44). Nora claims that since Torvald will be making â€Å"piles and piles of money† (44) from now on they can borrow until his raise comes through, but he is adamant in his reply that they should â€Å"never borrow† and have no debt because â€Å"something of freedom is lost from a home that’s founded on borrowing and debt† (44). Torvald, too, equates money with freedom, and refuses to give up that freedom by borrowing money. He too then mentions that it is â€Å"a wonderful feeling† (47) to know that â€Å"one’s got a safe secure job with a comfortable salary,† (47) similar to Nora’s claim that she’s now â€Å"carefree and happy† because of it. Torvald cares not only about money, but about his social status as well. When he finds out that Nora borrowed money from Krogstad with a forged signature, his â€Å"love† for her is completely erased, and he says she’s â€Å"ruined all his happiness† (106). He cares only about his reputation, because â€Å"it’s got to seem like everything is the same between us-to the outside world, at least† (106). All that matters to him is â€Å"saving the bits and pieces, the appearance† (106). However, once Krogstad gives them the note and says he won’t tell anyone about it, he is suddenly, magically able to love her again, because no one will know. He still cares only about himself, however, claiming â€Å"I’m saved, I’m saved! Oh, and you too† (107). Nora is only an afterthought when it comes to his reputation. Their relationship is ruined because he continues to believe in money and social status as the source of happiness, while Nora comes to realize that money is not that important. The Marxist theme can be seen in both Kristine and Krogstad as well. Kristine sacrificed her love for Krogstad and married another man because â€Å"his prospects seemed hopeless back then,† (95) and she had to be able to take care of her mother and brothers. Although their relationship was revived in the end, it almost failed â€Å"simply for money† (95). Once she comes back to Krogstad, she still won’t even give up the job she took from him, because she has to look out for herself-she tells Nora that in her position â€Å"you have to live, and so you grow selfish† (52). This is a Marxist attitude because her entire life and mind-set are a result of her economic situation at the time of her decisions. Krogstad committed a crime in order to support his family, and when his job was threatened he tried to save it by every means possible-even blackmail-saying he would fight for it â€Å"like life itself† (64) if need be. Krogstad tells Nora that â€Å"it was your husband who forced me to revert to my old ways,† (88) but from a deeper perspective it was really his financial situation that forced his hand and made him blackmail Nora, just as it was the reason he committed a crime years before. The Helmer’s maid, Anna-Marie, also has a Marxist perspective on life. She had to leave her home and her child in order to get by. When Nora asks how she was able to give her child up to the care of strangers she just replies that â€Å"a girl who’s poor and who’s gotten in trouble† (73) has no other choice, and that her daughter â€Å"has written to me both when she was confirmed and when she was married† (73). Anna-Marie’s entire life as well as her way of thinking has been determined by her financial situation. Her relationship with her daughter is â€Å"interrupted and practically destroyed† yet she â€Å"accepts her alienation from her child as if it were natural, given the circumstances of class and money† (Letturbie 1260). She can’t afford to be upset about leaving her only child, because she had no other choice. She had to give up a relationship with someone she loved, just as Kristine had to give up her love for Krogstad. Anna-Marie’s situation exemplifies that â€Å"in the marketplace [women] were a labor force expecting subsistence wages† (Letturbie 1260). Marxism includes the belief â€Å"that capitalism is based on the exploitation of workers by the owners of capital. † Anna-Marie may not have been exploited directly by the rich, but she is forced to live a substandard life because she is poor, and unlike Nora, she does not challenge the laws of class and society but accepts her situation. She does not realize that social class and society’s laws were created by other people â€Å"and thus are capable of imperfection and susceptible to change,† (Letturbie 1260). So all she can expect is to be poor her entire life, and for her financial conditions to remain stagnant. The problems that Nora, Anna-Marie and Kristine face are compounded by their gender. Ibsen’s play is considered by many to be a feminist work, illustrating the erroneous treatment of â€Å"the woman issue,† as Ibsen called it. Though he said in a speech once that Nora was supposed to represent the Everyman, and that he hadn’t been trying to address the issue of women’s rights, critics argue that the presence of feminism in the play is inherent and â€Å"justifiable whatever Ibsen’s intention and in spite of his speech,† (Templeton 111). Nora is depicted until the end of the play as a helpless, dimwitted fool who wastes her husband’s hard earned money. She is Torvald’s plaything, his burden and responsibility. Templeton describes their marriage as â€Å"a pan-cultural ideal†¦a relation of superior and inferior in which the wife is a creature of little intellectual and moral capacity, whose right and proper station is subordination to her husband† (Templeton 138). Her â€Å"womanly helplessness† was attractive to Torvald, because he had to be in control. When they get the Bond back from Krogstad and Torvald â€Å"forgives her,† he says that â€Å"to a man there is something sweet and satisfying in forgiving his wife,† because it seems as if his forgiveness â€Å"had made her doubly his own; he has given her a new life, and she has in a way become both wife and child to him† (65). She was an object, his property, to whom he deigned to give life; but only for his own pleasure. During the first act, he never calls her by name; he calls her his â€Å"squirrel,† a â€Å"spendthrift,† and a â€Å"featherbrain,† among other things. Her entire identity is determined by these nicknames; while she is â€Å"his squirrel† she is innocent, childish, obedient, and completely dependant on him. When he finally addresses her by name, in Act Three, her behavior is entirely different—she becomes serious, determined, and willful. She is his â€Å"doll-wife,† playing the game of marriage. She tells Torvald in the end, â€Å"You arranged everything according to your own taste, and so I got the same tastes as you, or pretended to† (67). All of it is a role that Nora has been taught to play by society, the behavior expected of all women of the time. This role was merely a mask, one that she couldn’t live with in the end. On the outside, she is entirely obedient to her husband; but on the inside, she yearns for recognition and a love that Torvald wasn’t willing to give. She was expected to be content with the life she had, though it wasn’t in any way fair or equal. When she expresses her hope that Torvald would have taken the blame for her crime upon himself, Torvald says that â€Å"no man would ever forsake his honor for the one he loves,† and Nora replies that â€Å"millions of women have done just that† (70). Her rebellion was so shocking to the audience that Ibsen â€Å"was accused of a kind of godless androgyny; women, in refusing to be compliant, were refusing to be women† (Templeton 114). Ibsen was even forced to change this ending in order for it to be performed. Obedience was the main trait that defined women; it was what separated them from men. When she decides to leave, Torvald claims that she is insane, because her â€Å"most sacred duties were to her husband and her children,† and â€Å"before all else she was a wife and mother† (68). So in leaving, she was in a sense denying the purpose of her existence. Women had no other role or function in society. Kristine broke free from this traditional role by chance, because her husband died. Had he lived, she would have been stuck in the same situation as Nora for the rest of her life. Even so, she is still dependant on men in order to live. When her father died, she was forced to marry a man she didn’t love in order to provide for her mother and younger brothers. She wasn’t able to get a job at that point, because she was young and unmarried; so the only option she had was marriage. After her husband died and she went to visit Nora, she says â€Å"I feel my life unspeakably empty. No one to live for anymore† (11). Her entire life up until that point revolved around men; the purpose of her existence was to please her husband and take care of her brothers. When that was no longer necessary, her life lost its meaning. She came to Nora because she was looking for work, and that could only be obtained through Torvald. When he gives her a job, he feels in control of her even outside the office. When Torvald and Nora return from the party in Act III and Kristine is there waiting, he says â€Å"you really ought to embroider, it’s much more becoming. Let me show you†¦in the case of knitting, that can never be anything but ungraceful† (57). He presumes to instruct her on something that is traditionally women’s work, and a hobby, as if she were doing it for him. He insults her taste and her work as if it is his right and his duty to correct not only his own wife but any woman that he sees doing something â€Å"wrong. † When Nora shut the door behind her, she wasn’t just a woman leaving her family. She was a woman seeking independence from the strictures of society and the rule of men which was placed upon her because of gender. She was the representation of Everyman, illustrating the need of everyone, no matter their background, for freedom. And she was the representation of the unnoticed, underappreciated workers of the world overthrowing the capitalists who took them for granted. Ibsen’s play was one of the greatest of its time, reaching all the way to our own with a relevance that will always be valid and true.

Translating Feel to Spanish

Translating Feel to Spanish The English verb to feel is one of those verbs that can be tricky to translate to Spanish. More so than with most words, you need to think of what the word means when trying to come up with a Spanish equivalent. If youre fairly new to Spanish and trying to think of how to say a sentence using feel in Spanish, you should probably see first if you can think of a different, and simpler if possible, way of saying what you want to say. For example, a sentence such as I feel sad means basically the same thing as I am sad, which can be expressed as Estoy triste. In that case, using sentirse to translate feel would also work: Me siento triste. In fact, sentir or sentirse frequently is a good translation, as it usually means to feel an emotion. (Sentir comes from the same Latin word as the English word sentiment.) But sentir doesnt work with many uses of feel, as in these sentences: That feels smooth. I feel like going to the store. I feel that its dangerous. It feels cold. In those cases, you need to think of a different verb to use. Here are some of the ways you can translate feel:   Feeling an Emotion As stated above, sentir or sentirse can often be used when referring to emotions: Me siento muy feliz. (I feel very happy.)Me siento fuerte psicolà ³gicamente. (I feel psychologically strong.)Se siente en conflicto cuando necesita escoger entre uno u otro. (He feels conflicted when he needs to choose one or the other.)No sentimos nada. (We dont feel anything.) However, Spanish has many expressions using other verbs to express emotions. Here are a few: Estoy muy feliz. (I am very happy. I feel very happy.)Él tenà ­a miedo. (He was afraid. He felt afraid.)Tengo celos a mi hermana. (Im jealous of my sister. I feel jealous of my sister.)De repente se enojà ³. (Suddenly he got angry. Suddenly he felt angry.) Sentirse is frequently used with como to express the concept of feeling like a ...: Se sintià ³ como una extraà ±a en su propia casa. (She felt like a stranger in her own home.)Me siento como una estrella del rock. (I feel like a rock star.) Feeling Sensations Spanish generally doesnt use sentir to express what is felt with the senses. Sensations are often expressed by idioms using tener. If describing what something feels like, you can often use parecer (see next section): Tienen hambre. (Theyre hungry. They feel hungry.)Tengo frà ­o. (Im cold. I feel cold. It feels cold here.)Tenà ­an sed. (They were thirsty. They felt thirsty.) Meaning ‘To Seem’ When to seem can be substituted for to feel, you can often translate using the verb parecer: Parece lisa al tacto. (It feels smooth to the touch. It seems smooth to the touch.)Parece que va a llover. (It feels like its going to rain. It seems that it is going to rain.)La herramienta me parece à ºtil. (The tool feels useful. The tool seems useful to me.) Meaning ‘To Touch’ Tocar and palpar are often used to refer to touching something. Although palpar comes from the same source as palpate, it is used much more often than the English word and can also be used in informal contexts. El mà ©dico me palpà ³ el abdomen. (The doctor felt my abdomen.)Todos tocaron la piel de zorro para que les diera buena suerte. (Everyone felt the fox skin so it would give them good luck.) ‘To Feel Like’ Meaning ‘To Want To’ A phrase such as to feel like doing something can be translated using querer or other verbs used to express desire: Quisiera comer una hamburguesa. (I feel like (eating) a hamburger. I would like to eat a hamburger.)Prefiero salir yo con mis amigos. (I feel like leaving with my friends. I prefer to leave with my friends.)Katrina no tenà ­a ganas de estudiar. (Katrina didnt feel like studying. Katrina didnt have a desire to study.) For Giving Opinions Feel is often used to express opinions or beliefs. In such cases, you can use opinar, creer or similar verbs: Pienso que no me gusta. (I feel I dont like it. I think I dont like it.)Creo que Argentina es el mejor equipo del mundo. (I feel that Argentina is the best team in the world. I believe that Argentina is the best team in the world.) ¿Por quà © supones que tienes una infeccià ³n? (Why do you feel you have an infection? Why do you suppose you have an infection?) Key Takeaways Although sentir and sentirse are the most common verbs translating to feel, in many situations they would be incorrect.Other verbs that are frequently used for to feel include tocar, querer, and creer.A good way to translate feel is to instead translate a synonym for feel as it used in the context.

8 Ways to Avoid Barking Up the Wrong Family Tree

8 Ways to Avoid Barking Up the Wrong Family Tree There is nothing more frustrating than finding out the ancestors youve been so diligently researching, and have even come to love, arent really yours. Yet, it happens to most of us who research our family trees at some point. A lack of records, incorrect data, and embellished family stories can easily send us off in the wrong direction. How can we avoid this heartbreaking result in our own family research? It isnt always possible to avoid wrong turns, but these steps may help keep you from barking up the wrong family tree. 1. Dont Skip Generations Skipping generations in your research is the most common mistake made by beginners. Even if you think you know everything about yourself and your parents, you shouldnt skip directly to your grandparents. Or your immigrant ancestor. Or the famous person that youve been told youre descended from. Working your way back one generation at a time greatly lessens your chances at attaching the wrong ancestor to your family tree, because youll have the supporting documents- birth records, marriage certificates, census records, etc.- to support the link between each generation. 2. Dont Make Assumptions About Family Relationships Family terms such as Junior and Senior as well as aunt and cousin were often used very loosely in earlier times - and still are, even today. A designation of Jr., for example, may have been used in official records to identify between two men of the same name, even if they were unrelated (the younger of the two being called Jr.). You also shouldnt assume relationships between people living in a household unless it is specifically stated. The sole adult-aged female listed in your great-great grandfathers household, may indeed be his wife- or it could be a sister-in-law or family friend. 3. Document, Document, Document The most important habit to pick up when starting genealogical research is to diligently  write down how and where you find your information. If it was found on a website, for example, write down the title of the site, the URL and the date. If the data came from a book or microfilm, write down the title, author, publisher, publication date and the repository.  If your family information came from a relative, document who the information came from and when the interview took place. There will be many times when youll run across conflicting data, and youll need to know where your information came from. Often, its convenient to use a spreadsheet for this purpose, but it can also be helpful to keep physical records. Printing out hard copies for reference is a great way to back up information in case the data is taken offline or changes. 4. Does it Make Sense? Constantly review all new information that you add to your family tree to make sure that it is at least plausible. If the date of your ancestors marriage is only seven years after they were born, for example, you have a problem. The same goes for two children born less than nine months apart, or children born before their parents. Does the birthplace listed in the census correlate with what youve learned about your ancestor? Have you possibly skipped a generation? Look at the information youve gathered and ask yourself, Does this make sense? 5. Get Organized The more organized your genealogy research, the less likely that youll mix up information or make other simple, but costly, mistakes. Choose a filing system that works with the way you do research, making sure that it includes a way to organize both your papers and certificates ​and your digital documents and other computer files. 6. Verify Research Done By Others Its hard enough avoiding your own mistakes, without having to worry about the mistakes of others as well. Publication- whether in print or online- doesnt make anything fact, so you should always take steps to verify previous research  using primary sources and other tools before incorporating it into your own.   7. Rule Out the Other Possibilities You know that your great-great-grandfather lived in Virginia around the turn-of-the-century, so you look him up in the 1900 U.S. census and there he is! In truth, however, this isnt him; its someone else with the same name living in the same area during the same time period. It is a scenario that actually isnt all that uncommon, even with names you might think are unique. When researching your family, it is always a good idea to check the surrounding area to see if there is someone else who could fit the bill.   8. Turn to DNA Blood doesnt lie, so if you really want to be sure a DNA test may be the way to go. DNA tests cant currently tell you who your specific ancestors are, but they can help narrow things down quite a bit.

Social Class and Ethnicity in Education Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Social Class and Ethnicity in Education - Essay Example How then do social class and ethnicity interrelate in education Coard (1971) quoted in Ethnicity and Identity (2006) noted that education system makes black children feel unconventional hence creating an inferiority complex. Furthermore, education & resources ignore black people and ethnic groups in general and their culture. Racism is also a factor related to school achievement, which occurs in and out of school. In fact, attitudes in the classroom are reinforced in the playground. Wright (1992 qtd. in Ethnicity and Identity, 2006) looked at racism in multi- racial primary schools and found that Asian children were isolated and received less attention from teachers. Assumptions about culture & language were also made such as in African Caribean children in whom bad behaviour was expected from them. As a result, they received harsher discipline. Studies conducted by Boylan (2005) as cited in Gardiner's (2006) research, indicated, "only 35 percent of African American college students completed their courses of study." This result, he argued could be "attributed to some identifiable problems associated within this ethnic group" and were related to "socio-economic status, cultural mistrust, depression, fatigue and racism". Social class also affects achievemen... This situation has been classically exemplified by Willis's account of Learning to Labour (1977) quoted in Social exclusion and class analysis (Savage, n.d.), "as he shows how working-class 'lads' who felt uncomfortable in an academic, middle-class school environment play up their independent, 'manly' qualities by embracing the world of manual labour. This leads them to take up 'dead-end' jobs with few prospects, which therefore ultimately reinforces their own subordination within the class system." This illustrates that social class of an individual may define his school achievement. Language as the main medium of instruction also affects student performance and achievement. Among ethnic groups, English or Standard English may not be the main medium of communication at home. As quoted in Ethnicity and Identity (2006), Swann Report (1985) stressed that language differences "may hold some children back but not majority." School performance is greatly affected when there is language barrier such that skills and competencies may not be learned and mastered. In effect, these non-native English-speaking groups often get low scores in achievement tests. This is also true with other languages as in the case of Tibetan education where they attend schools that focus on learning Mandarin Chinese. Since the school discourages their native language, "Tibetan students are being taught that their language is inferior." (Markin, n.d.). The textbooks are standardized and written from a Han Chinese perspective, the lessons do not relate to the Tibetans' daily lives and the materia l being taught emphasizes Han Chinese culture, thus achievement is low. A link between social class & ethnic group,