Energy Security Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 1

Energy Security - Research Paper ExampleHowever, on that point should be development of alternative clean dexterity sources, which do not rely on fogey fuels and which have a tolerable environmental effect in order to meet the raising global demands for energy and to allow for the depletion of fossil fuel supplies in the future (332). For effectively use of renewable sources, in that respect is a need of consistent ways of storing energy for example, rechargeable batteries and high-temperature superconductivity as well as developments in hydrogen storage (Dresselhaus and Thomas, 333).Due to high demands, the strained global energy systems has caused high prices hence increase global anxiety over the worlds ability to meet energy needs. It is evident that there is a challenge trying to administer the growing complexity of an energy-interdependent world while on the separate hand trying to meet environmental, security, and economic goals. This necessitates a more advanced energy policymaking approach sensation that fully values the complex nature of energy security, the need to manage the trade-offs inherent in energy policy decision-making, and the interdependencies of global markets (Verrastro and Ladislaw, 95). On the other hand, each energy source has some adverse effects. fogey fuels processes emit carbon dioxide, and perhaps other contaminants, such as nitrogen oxides, sulphur oxides and ash. There is employment of radioactive fission products in the nuclear plants. While dams and erect lakes be needed for hydroelectric plants, large areas are necessary for solar and wind energy although they are limited geographically. Then again, geo caloric sources are restricted to very few locations and those methods using small temperature gradients need very large heat-exchanger areas because of the low thermal efficiencies in the earth or oceans (Dresselhaus and Thomas, 332).One of the alternative energy supplies that the globe can rely on is solar

Professional Experience As A Key Determinant In Seeking A Career Essay

Professional Experience As A Key Determinant In Seeking A Career - Essay ExampleAs many another(prenominal) students are encouraged to pursue a given field based upon their own values, belief systems, and worldview, so similarly are educators and practitioners encouraged to give back to their community with respect to the desire to impart the values, beliefs, and worldview. What such a unique model creates within the Walden University setting is a situation in which passionate practitioners try on to impart their expertise to eager learners who also have a desire to practice such a trade within the workforce (Walden University 2012). Naturally, beyond a mere understanding of the practical application, the scholar-practitioners are adapted to engage the students with the unique idealism that they so eagerly seek with reference to the potential career they willing be pursuing.Similarly, one of the main goals that a student will realize is that they have a threatening desire to po sitively affect the lives and health of those under their charge. Although they may not be specialists in the medical examination sense of the term, they are nonetheless an integral link in the chain of healthcare providers that help to relay a high quality of care to those under their purview (ACHA 2011).Similarly, the roles and responsibilities of a manager with regards to the healthcare composition of today are increasingly varied and complex. As such, it requires a great deal of expertise to be able to handle the plethora of different demands and constraints that such a complex and storied profession requires (Health direction Careers 2012). As such, some of the key skills which one requires in order to succeed in such a field involve superior time management, understandings of the key complications that seek to differentiate aspects of the healthcare industry, a acquire understanding and application of ethics and morality, compassion for and identification with a host of i ndividuals from different ethnicities and backgrounds, as sound as a profound regard for seeking the greater good and ameliorating suffering wheresoever it may be found.

Drama in literature Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Drama in literature - Research Paper Exampleentral idea of a caper or its theme is manifested through dialogue or action in the play or something which undersurface be determined at the end of the entire show. Plot, as another significant element, pertains to the logical successiveness of events within which distinct characters are connected. While the plot establishes the integral part of the play, the characters convey how plot should surpass the meaning or essence of gambling, especially the theme being endorsed, to the target audience (Elements of Drama).Music which consists in the background score through songs and the sound effects the rhythm and melodious content of which serve as an ingredient element to enhance the quality of presentation, functions with the dialogue to stimulate further the intellect and sentiment of the viewers. Since drama is intended to be seen and heard at the same time, audio-visual aspects collaborate such that the visual element in costumes, pro ps, and other visual effects make up the chief component that measures the extent to which the play is charitable to the each watcher (Elements of Drama).For the characters to develop the theme in drama, the actors playing distinct roles as such ought to evolve them in a manner that displays realistic motives, thoughts and actions. As protagonist or the main character is met by the antagonist, there is in conflict a discovery of epiphany or revelation or anagnorisis, a law signified through the pertinent acts being carried by the characters. On the other hand, the dimension, the type of atmosphere or setting in which the author or playwright locates the plot is showcased through differing background or somatogenetic environment to coincide with the progress of action. The setting includes lighting, paraphernalia as props, and gestures or movements that might contribute to restitute and bring the play to achieve the life which is expected to flow with the drama and theme under ripening (Drama Guidelines).Essentially, the play is developed to

Criticize of Marketing Myopia article Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Criticize of Marketing Myopia article - Essay ExampleHe argued that on that point is no such thing as a emersion industry, what is there is growth opportunities that one should fix advantage of to enkindle their welfare. Levitt also gives people a better understanding of misconceptions like the belief that growth is guaranteed by an expanding population. Instead, the commodities released should target a certain gender or age. He also shows that mass payoff does not always yield as expected due to imbalances in the scale of doing. Mass production results to low cost per unit as the output increases. In production, one should focus on the note of produce rather than the marketing. fair quality output markets itself as compared to poor quality ones that stomach to be pushed into the market. Since most enterprises needs lie on maximizing profits than it is more becharm to focus on the companys needs rather than nodes needs. A brilliant marketer creates products that suit the c onsumer and are affordable. Good quality products in the market gain popularity faster when compared to poor quality ones by competitors. This gives the market real illusion of what your products are like. Theodore Levitt gives companies a clue on how to maintain efficiency with its rising popularity. An increase in output quantity tends to reduce unit cost, and if not monitored it pulls down the business. Through maintaining efficiency, companies are likely to wonder larger profits and experience growth. He discards the belief that no competitive substitutes of outstanding products exists in the market. This is an exclusively irrational belief. Every product in the market have their substitutes, it is only that you have not through with(p) the research on more products in the market. He mentions that, we should not focus on short-term benefits. The capacious run benefits, which most of the firms are not ready to wait. With changing times, people tend to change on preferences a nd tastes and therefore this prepares the business firms for these changes in the future. The short focus is what the author refers to as myopia. He gives examples of the railroad and inunct industries that can be taken over by other close competitors. He adds that there is no guarantee on product obsolesce and gives an example of petroleum products which were used since time immemorial up to date but has never been exhausted. Technology improvement cause this and the discovery where other sources of energy have been resolved to hence the decline on use of petroleum products. The most salient thing on Levitts article is on maintaining the business in the market for the longest time and enjoying maximum profits. argumentation firms should set long-term goals to help them serve their customer needs in a more appropriate and reliable manner. This helps the products get established and therefore with time It dominates the markets. However, what Levitt has missed out is that he only talks of myopia back then not putting into consideration the present times whereby myopia has taken a different turn. There exists new forms of myopia especially where entrepreneurs get single minded kinda of venturing into different fields in the market. Maybe accommodating other stakeholders in the market would help enhance venturing into the diverse existing opportunities. Another problem comes in when the firm misinterprets the true definition of a customer and satisfying their needs. With the changing times consumer

A Case For Life After Death Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

A Case For Life After Death - Es set up ExampleThe traumas of insulation and loss of parental support and love during her early years stayed with Betty, and she married at a infantile age and very quickly had a family of own (12). Although Bettys first marriage failed, she and her children entered a flake marriage that was successful and loving (2). It was well into her second marriage, and after a sixth child, that Betty entered the hospital for a hysterectomy and experienced wipeout (28). Bettys recollections of that experience are vivid and detailed (28-133), and solidified Bettys recognition of divinity as warm and loving (43). It is, however, in the details of Bettys recollections where we establish the similarities between expiration experiences and past life recollections. Bettys death experience begins with the realization that she is dead, floating above her body (28). Betty was not alarmed by seeing herself as a dead body, and, in fact, had a sense of munificence f or it. It appeared younger and prettier than I remembered, and now it was dead (27). Hovering above her lifeless body, Bettys sadness for it was followed by a sense of freedom (28). My sense of freedom was limitless and it seemed as if I had done this forever, she reports (28). Bettys death experience seemed endless (28-58), and, years later, when Betty met with her attending physician, she discovered that in fact no one could say for just how long Betty had been clinically dead (133). But during the experience, Betty gained knowledge and insight as to her life and family (34), and God and creation.

Macroeconomices Research Proposal Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Macroeconomices - Research Proposal ExampleFew economists would argue that the birth of modern macroeconomics can be dated back to the upsetting incidents of the 1930s and most particularly the perspectives of John Maynard Keynes (1936) conveyed in the General surmisal of Employment, Interest and Money which is basically a response to these traumatic events. Prior to the Keynesian revolution the dominant classical assumption was that while consumerist economies would be subjected to episodic distresses, market forces would function promptly and successfully to cook complete employment equilibrium (Ahiakpor 2003). In such conditions government intervention to calm down the prudence was judged to be neither essential nor favorable. The Great Depression, which bears witness to a terrible collapse in take and increase in unemployment rate, seemed to blow apart the classical theory that complete employment was the normal extract of affairs (ibid).Writing in this setting, Keynes argu ed that capitalist market economies are intrinsically unstable and can altogether be stabilized at less than complete employment for protracted periods. This insecurity was for Keynes largely the moment of fluctuations in collective demand. The Great Depression, he disputed, resulted above all from a razor-sharp reduction in the level of investment expenditure occasioned by a cyclical change in the marginal susceptibility of capital (Snowdon & Vane 1999 2) with the related harsh uncontrolled unemployment illustrating a state of scarce aggregate demand. The reading material of Keynes analysis was that government intervention, in the structure of flexible fiscal and monetary policy, could assist advance such aggregate insecurity and even out the economy at full employment mode. capitalism could be resurrected but not in accordance to the nineteenth-century laissez-faire belief (ibid).The immediate acceptance of Keynesian in the intellectual community and policy-making societies guaranteed that throughout the 1950s

Quantitative Analysis for Finance Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Quantitative Analysis for Finance - Coursework ExampleBasing on the measured percentageages, the return of each portfolio was calculated. Therefore, based on the results, the plan consists of the losses and the highest drawdown which could help investors prepare for what they could face in future. In relation to this, even if the financial plan is considered to be the simplest, it needs assumptions about the way the enthronisation could perform. It is known that such assumptions might not be accurate, but they are required to be sightly as well as thoughtful. The projections wont be that useful in case you get into a balanced portfolio with a return of 7 percent every day. It was found that the returns of the total portfolio of investors during the twelvemonth are negative and this indicates that the portfolio is not good enough to invest. Such resulted from the drop in value of the initial investment of the common bond which was from 30 000 pounds to 23 000 pounds. There was ri se in value of the rakehell investment from 20 000 pounds to 25 000 pounds and this implies that the stock portfolio is good for investment. In regard to the determination of the capital merchandise line equation (CML), we considered the fact that there was a correlation coefficient between the stock returns of 30 percent and the risk free rate of 5 percent .The risk profile could be altered good when the asset risk is adjusted with the use of the risk free rate. Based on the capital commercialize line, the market portfolio has a combination of all risky-free asset and risky assets, with the use of the assets market value to calculate the weights. The capital market line was derived by capital market model (CAPM) where the judge return at different risk levels was solved. For exercise 2, the capital market line was determined and in this case, it indicated that the diversified portfolio returns on the capital

A Overview of the Grand Canyon Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

A Overview of the high-minded canyon - Research Paper ExampleHow the Grand Canyon came into existence? No one knows. in that location atomic number 18 abundant guesses. Accept it as the one of the most beautiful area of nature. A result of processes and more than one factor must have contributed to its formation and what one sees in the Grand Canyon presently, is the outcome of the process of evolution over a very long period. The most powerful potency to have an impact on the Grand Canyon is erosion, primarily by water (and ice) and second by wind. Other forces that contributed to the Canyons formation are the course of the Colorado River itself, volcanism, continental drift and slight variations in the states orbit which in turn causes variations in seasons and climate. (The Geology.)Canyon is basically located in a desert. Heat of the sun bakes the brand in the Grand Canyon it becomes so hard that it cannot make water, when rains come. The root of the plants in the Grand C anyon cannot pierce the hard earth-bed and the root systems are very shallow and they absorb as much water as is possible during rains. These plants are unable to block the process of soil erosion. With no check on the soil and rock in place, during heavy rains flash floods occur with devastate consequences. The flood water carries down the Grand Canyon, everything on its course, spares nothing, and big boulders roll down as if they are pebbles. It assumes the shape of flowing concrete and not water. Those hiking through the side canyons must have the accurate selective information of weather conditions, to avoid calamities.It is a steep canyon. The sculptor of this canyon is the Colorado River in Arizona, USA. It is 277 miles long, the maximum width is 18 miles and its depth is a stunning 6000 ft. It is part of the countless years of the Planet Earths geological history, and the River and its tributaries are the architects of this

Setting the Stage for Strategic Compensation and Bases for Pay Essay

Setting the Stage for Strategic pay and Bases for Pay - Essay ExampleHowever, it is important that compensation structures are aligned with the strategic objectives of the business. Three of the master(prenominal) goals of compensation departments in organizations are to attract talented personnel from the industry and help provide a certain amount of flexibility to the needs of the department improve morale of employees and motivate them to ensure the domain of an innovative and knowledgeable workforce as well as maintain salary standards which are rivalrous in the industry. Contextual influence posing greatest and least challenge for companies competitiveness Some of the external, as well as internal, conditions of a firm can regain the nature of pay structure which it would trope or which would be appropriate for it. Most importantly, the supply and demand of labour in the market would be a serious consideration while pattern its pay structure. Shortage of a particular exp ertness in the market might imply that the organization might charter to pay a higher(prenominal) price for those skills, and vice versa. In fact the demand and supply of labour in the market is the determining(prenominal) of the existing wage rates at that region too (Prakashan, 2009, p.14). The other very important federal agent which would pose serious challenge before an organization is the prevailing market rates. This can be too termed as the comparable wages or the ongoing wage rates. The compensation policy fixed by an organization must necessarily confirm to the wage rates paid by other competitors in the industry. Otherwise, it might result in employees leaving the organization getting attracted towards those with higher salary packages. The cost of subsisting also accounts for an important criterion based on which organizations develop their compensation structures and plans. It is crucial to make adjustments in pay depending on the increases or decreases in the cost of living index. When organizations fail to reset their salary structures agree to the changes in the living index, it can face resistance from employees and unions demanding higher wages. This could be challenging for the organizations (Prakashan, 2009, p.14). Apart from the in a higher place serious threats there are certain issues which are also crucial for determining compensation structures precisely which pose challenges before organizations to a lesser extent. The ability of an organization to pay or its affordability is crucial to determine its pay structure. Degree of profits, costs of production, sales revenues are some aspects which must be evaluated before designing pay structures. Psychological and sociological factors greatly determine the extent to which an employee would be willing to put in effort in his job. A persons psychological perception helps him equate his wage or salary levels as a measure of the extent of success he has earned. Lastly, rapid technologi cal developments have been the main cause of rapid development of skills of employees. The level of wages of these employees has also been changing correspondingly. Thus, it is important that organizations documentation track of changes in skill levels and wage level of

Enterovirus D68 Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Enterovirus D68 - Research Paper ExampleThe virus has been associated to pillowcase serious respiratory symptoms, and it can be particularly serious for children with asthma or other maladyes that chance on breathing difficult. For such children, the infection can result in hospitalisation and death if appropriate activity are not taken (Sawyer, 45). The paper analyses the epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical presentation, lab diagnosis, treatment and prevention.Since the discovery of enterovirus in 1962, it has been depict mostly as sporadically in isolated cases. Enterovirus cases have been described to occur during warm months, from restrain to autumn. Many parts in the United States have experienced an outbreak of the virus that has sent hundreds of children into hospitalization according to the centre of disease control. Children less than five years old and those with asthma appear to be the most a risk of enterovirus D68 illness. It was found in 2 out of 5 children duri ng a 2012- 2013 crew of the polio-like disease in California. In addition, adults with asthma and those immunosuppressed have a risk of the illness. Six outbreaks between 2005 and 2011 have been reported in Philippines, Netherlands and Japan, Arizona, Pennsylvania and states of Georgia (Tebruegge and Curtis, 226). Enterovirus caused clusters of respiratory disease in August 2014 and by mid-October 691 individuals in 46 US states and the Columbia district had come own with a respiratory illness caused by the virus, where five children also died. In 2014, clusters of cases were reported in parts of Georgia, Arizona and Pennsylvania. The number of states touch on with the virus is expected to rise as testing of specimen backlog continues. In Netherlands, the virus was detect in 70 persons during the period of 1995 and 2010 of which 57 were symptomatic. The most prevalent affected persons are asthma

Global warming Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Global warminging - Research Paper ExampleScientists predicted that the average temperatures to be experience in the U.S. could increase by 3 to 9 degrees by the end of the century if global heartilying is not reduced (Simpson, 2008). Causes of Global Warming Global warming is ca utilize when carbon dioxide, methane and other green stomach gases stool up in the atmosphere like a thick blanket, traps the suns heat and cause the planet to warm up. Naturally, global warming is caused by the release of methane gas from the arctic tundra and wetlands. Methane being a green house gas, traps heat in the earths atmosphere. On the other hand, the man-made causes include air contaminant and overpopulation population. Burning of fogey fuels causes pollution in the earths atmosphere. currency (2008) states that coal and oil, argon examples of fossil fuels that cause air pollution. When these fuels are burnt, they emit carbon dioxide, which is a green house gas. In addition, during the tap of coal or oil, methane is also dug out as it is naturally in the ground. High tender and animal populations naturally imply the need for more food and transport. Because of these two, more fossil fuels are used which means that more greenhouse gases are released in the atmosphere. With a high population, more agricultural activities are done with the aim of increasing the food supply to the growing population. Methane is produced by manure, which is mainly used in agriculture. The increasing populations also use more cars implying an increase in the use of fuels and resultant pollution. According to Silver (2008), carbon dioxide contributes to global warming. The rising level of carbon dioxide from animals breaths worsens the situation. Also, Humans are destroying forests without planting more trees. Trees are valuable in the conversion of carbon dioxide to oxygen. The trend is worsening the global warming experienced in the earth. Global warming cause for serious concern The Union of Concerned Scientists (2010) concluded that these effects put up cause serious destructions. The effects include reduced snow accumulation due to melting glaciers, abominable droughts causing more deaths and water shortage, rising sea levels soupconing to coastal flooding. A warmer temperature in the sea causes stronger hurricanes, which cause serious damage of property in Southeastern Atlantic and Gulf coasts. The doddery fires experiences may lead to more loss of trees in the environment. Some plant destruction may lead to the extinction of some animal species because of the global warming. Warmer temperatures causing bad things to happen The increased heat and the warm condition are causing many damages in different parts of the area today. Simpson (2008) notes that the hotter conditions are causing a cabbage in the water levels in the sea. The melting of glaciers and ice in Antarctica and the greensands is causing the rise. The snow accumulation has reduced and th e winter season are taking shorter time. Due to the rise in water levels, hurricanes and floods have been experienced by different countries. The extreme heat condition has also caused deaths in India and Europe. Wildfires have also been experienced in some states in America, and floods have caused a manage of damage to property and peoples lives. Global warming and hurricanes The strength of hurricanes is increased by global warming. The hurricanes are get stronger and dangerous than before. The warm oceans and tropical storms make the hurricane become more powerful than it used to be. The change in

Advance Directives Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 1

Advance Directives - Essay ExampleFirst, it was not clear about the bureau of the family or identified upkeepgivers. A situation may arise where the family members may give false cultivation to the health care professionals, especially if they are heirs to property or money in case the person dies. Also, other family members may forge an advance directive to suit their wants, mostly if they are beneficiaries of the patients property if he/she dies (Schwab, 2003). The client also wanted to know if it is mandatory to have an advance directive. Although it is not obligatory, it is vital for someone to have an advance directive. Many people, however, do not have knowledge of the adjudicate of this document.A completed cause of this kind would be helpful to health care providers if a form was completed by a said individual and later lost capacity and needed care in a health facility, in that the surrogate decision maker would make medical choices on their behalf. By default, the dec ision maker is supposed to be the next of kin. However, several matters ought to be addressed to command the patient receives optimum care, according to some scholars (Berger, DeRenzo & Schwartz,

IP 4 English Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

IP 4 English - Essay ExampleThe defenders of Smart prognosticates lease that with the implication of Smartphones in schools, students do-nothing plosive updated with the current research, they can be could at life management and quick in responding to tasks. The aim of this expository paper is to discuss the subject of Smartphone and its usage from different perspective to understand its durability as a technological advancement.Critics claim that Smartphones can damage the thought process of humans because it can give access to unimportant facts as well. However, on the other hand, it is claimed by the defenders that Smartphones have allowed humans to stay active regarding things around them. In the present world, where billions of facts and figures be exchanged in a single day, it is irresponsible for everyone to stay aware of the viral information. Students, being the most active learners, can get a solidifying of benefits by using Smartphones to gain information (Wankel & Blessinger, 2013, p. 50).It is considered that there are roughly 3000 productivity mobile phone applications that are currently being downloaded and used by mobile phone users every day. These phone applications are used by phone users to mark important appointments, tasks, reminders etc. This allows them to stay aware of their responsibilities. At the analogous time, critics claim that this will make students to rely on Smartphones a lot and not their intelligence. Defenders provide bread and butter claim that time tables are reasonably used to mark such reminders and tasks already. Smart phones have alternatively allowed them to stay active more than ever (Wankel & Blessinger, 2013, p. 55).Critics claim that in order to make a soul to be active in meeting deadlines and completing tasks, Smartphones are not needed. Such an assertion is presented because defenders claim that students can stay connected to

Once you have read the chapter or assignment, you have to decide how Essay - 1

Once you have read the chapter or assignment, you have to decide how to write about it - Essay Exampleives a view regularly ignored, loosely by policy advocates. Just like any other public policy, the detail is in writ of execution, and implementation more often seems harder and complex than foreseen by those in favor. If the likely problems are not foreseen and addressed the testament be a mountainous problems in the process of implementation that may derail everything else. Despite incrementalist hypothesis favoring getting some policy adopted on the assumption that correction will come with time, untimely failure can impedes legitimacy and work towards blocking future initiatives (Jacobs 2002). At the same time, measuring the achiever of any policy against the idealistic and inflated claims of its advocates provides the skeptic a decided and deceptive advantage (Jacobs 2002). My recapitulation is that there are better ways of overcoming the legal and practical problems of e nforcement and implementation than those presented by Jacobs.Jacobs looks into the extent of slice ownership and the deeply rooted position of guns in American culture. He however incorrectly makes the pillow slip that any regulatory control must contend with both the huge existing population of firearms and the fasten political and social support for individual gun ownership. This is not true because to bring everyone into board is not such an easier thing achieved, you cannot satisfy everyone.Moreover, Jacobs highlighted on both the Second Amendment and federalism as barrier to new regulation. This chapter presents brought forrader a well thought analysis of implementation barriers specific to guns and common to general regulatory policy. His retrospect of regulatory implementation concisely notes, If a regulatory scheme is not enforced, it loses credibility. This is something that all implementation advocates should inject into their minds.Even though Jacobs did an exemplar y job to looking onto implementation challenges he fails to detail the devising solutions. In the chapter skepticism is

Hobbes and Locke's Ideas on Sovereignty Literature review

Hobbes and Lockes Ideas on Sovereignty - Literature review ExampleCitizens are obliged to say okay to authority by their governwork forcets due to the fact that the alternative, which is living without some form of governance, would not be ideal. The foundation of a landed estate is based on the relationship between governments and their respective citizens. Advocates of theories of social contract go about explaining the reasons as to why governments are formed by citizens as well as are compelled to abide by the law. The theories of social contract were heavily supported by Thomas Hobbes and John Locke. Despite this, the theories by the two just about totally opposed on the nature of the power of the governing supreme, human nature as well as on the citizens rights against the supreme. Locke employed the social contract to support limited constitutionalism age Hobbes employed the same to defend absolutism. The Leviathans writing began shortly after the start of Englands urba ne war and was later published in 1651. The primary motives of Hobbes writing his theory of sovereignty are believed to be accounting for a stable political authority. In fact, Hobbes feels that it is the desire for stability that drives men into agreeing to enter into a commonwealth. According to Hobbes, a state of nature has no propriety, no Dominion, no Mine and Thine distinct tho (only) that to be every(prenominal) mans that he tail assembly get and for so long as he can keep it. He believed that the state of nature was characterized by a war between every man, and against every man.In addition, Hobbes argued that in a case of a natural state, every man has a right to everything dismantle to one anothers a body, describing the state of lives of men in this state as solitary, poor, nasty, brutish, and short. This is in line with his argument that though men are equal in their natural sense, continued skill of property results in bad self-preservation. The above-mentioned con dition has no room for living large, industry, or tete-a-tete ownership of property beyond what one can secure from others by force. When people begin pursuit each other for property, a state of insecurity is born and eventually results in fear of dying among the citizens. This fright, together with the hunger for a large living is described by Hobbes as the passions that incline men to peace.

Personal Finance Essay Example for Free

Personal Finance searchPersonal finance addresses the way an individual or families earn, budget, save, and spend coin gained from employment, loans, or gifts. As a college student, my personal finances are based upon money I have obtained, seasonal employment and maternal support. In creating my budget, I had to realize that my income was non the same each month so I had to own sure I had enough money to pay for my gas, phone bill, and entertainment. Some measure I would go oer budget due to unexpected bills so I would ask for help from my parents. I utilize a debit tease apart through my cashbox City National Bank.I chose this bank because my parents also bank there and its a small personal bank. It makes it easier if I need my mom to transfer money to my account in case of an emergency. I do not use checks only my debit card and occasional cash, the debit card pulls money out of my account somewhat like a check. I do check my account online, and my statement looks sim ilar to the on in The Money 101 learner Workbook. The format is a little different, but the same kind of information is given. I do not stop a register much to my mothers dismay.Every Christmas, she gives me a register to keep track of my disbursal but I fail to use it. I do track my spending through balance inquiries that I receive via the ATM, as well as online. If I wanted to revision banks, I would choose a bank that would be in Marshall and has the small town note to it. I would also want one that might offer interest on my account. I didnt find any new information concerning debit cards, but I do prefer a debit card to a credit card because it takes money out of your account instead of possibly spending what you mountt have.You can also abuse a credit card and use it unnecessarily. I did check on annualcreditreport. com to see if I had a credit report, but I do not because I dont have any accounts in my name. The best card be intimate I found was on chase. com because if I put my name on my parents account then I could also have their 8. 99% interest rate. There were downs of credit card offers that had 0% precedent rates, but since I have no credit, then the interest rate would rise dramatically.Some restitution policies that would be important for personal finance would be disability insurance, car insurance, and health insurance. Identity thievery insurance would probably be a good insurance protection. The thing that stuck out to me when Mike Brady came and wheel spoke was the concept of proficient coverage insurance for your car, he said that its only an interpretation and not something that is written down, he also stated that there is no such thing as full coverage.I would probably put my savings in the savings account in my bank since I would have access to it. My retirement plan would be to match whatever my company is move into my 401K and putting money into stock that I can draw from when I actually do retire. The test that we to ok in the back of the booklet was fairly easy after looking through this so many times I answered a credit card would be the one to hurt you the most when in detail it says the student loans would affect your credit score more.My parents educated me very well on a lot of these subjects especially budget and checking account, my mom has preached to me about having a budget for as long as I can remember. The thing I learned from this unit, just to point one out, was the savings and retirement readying I didnt realize it was such a priority because at my age you really dont think about those things but Ive learned that I do need to trip early.

Fast Food Essay Example for Free

solid Food EssayFast-Food Feast Case breeding Whitney Reichert Grand Canyon University MGT 655 Fast-Food Feast Case Study 1/9/13 Visit at least two different fast-food restaurants that make hamburgers and unwrap the basic differences in the following processes How atomic number 18 in store orders taken How are the hamburgers prepared How are special orders handled How are the burgers realizeed How are the burgers assembled Is a microwave used How are other items such as fires and drinks handled The two fast-food restaurants that I visited were McDonalds and In-and verboten. The main differences that I found between the two restaurants were freshness and customer service. When in comes to in store orders at McDonalds, you wait in line to place your order. It seems to be not as customer service driven. You give them your order, which seems to be informal, and not that personable. You pay and stand dispatch to the side until they visit your order. They announce your order is ready by saying your order out loud, for example number 2 with a diet coke, without your name attached.At McDonalds the hamburgers are prepared from frozen possessed meat, they hence they cook the meat on the grill. As far as special orders go you must report the cashier scarce what you dont want because the burgers come as they are. The cashier then inputs the entropy into the computer, which then in turn allows the kitchen to make the arrangements. The employees in the kitchen then prepare the burgers they utilize somewhat of an throng line to make sure the right ingredients get put on the right burger.With McDonalds you do not have full visibility of the kitchen staff preparing the food. While at McDonalds I did not see a Microwave used. When it comes to fries, McDonalds has their fries frozen in a large plastic bag they then cook them in oil. With drinks you serve your self. When I went into In and Out it was a little different of an see, and seemed more personable. The o rders present are taken similar to McDonalds, but they take your name and give you a number, you wait off to the side and they then call your name and number aloud.The hamburgers at In and Out are cook using higher quality meat, without preservatives, and they utilize local beef distributors. When it comes to special orders, it seems every order at In and Out is a special order. They ask you exactly what you want, wheres McDonalds doesnt ask you exactly what you want, they just assume and you must be the one who asks for changes. The cashier then inputs the data into the computer, which then in turn allows the kitchen to make the arrangements. The burgers are cooked on a grill just like McDonalds.When it comes to the assembly, In and Out also utilize somewhat of an assembly line to add ingredients. In and Out uses fresh ingredients, the kitchen is overspread and you can see the employees making the food right in front of you. As far as I saw, a microwave was not used. As for frie s, they use fresh potatoes with out preservatives, instead of bagged fries. As far as drinks goes at In and Out you also serve yourself. This assignment was quite interesting, I would defiantly choose In and Out over McDonalds. They have fresh ingredients, you can have it your way, and the experience is more personable.

Censorship and Rebellion Essay Example for Free

Censorship and Rebellion try outThe squ atomic number 18 in China was a act of sedition because the citizens s in any cased up against Cherman Mao. Tone has to do with audile (what you hear). Tone in writing represents things you hear from the authors writing. In Fahrenheit Four degree centigrade Fifty One Bradbury uses tone to show rise. Rebellion can be described as insubordination of anything authority, control, or tradition. In this case Montag plans to rebel against control. Bradbury uses tone to characterize Faber and Montags rebellion as work-shy because Faber does not want to help Montag with his plan. Ray Bradbury uses tone to explain how Montags plan becomes abortive because Faber does not believe in his plan. Montag went to Fabers house to tell him about how they should rebel against edit outing books Mr. Montag, you are look at a coward. I saw the way things were going, a long time back. I verbalise nothing. Im one of the innocents who could have spoken up and out when no one would attend to the guilty, but I did not speak and thus became guilty myself. And when finally they set the structure to burn the books, using the firemen, I grunted a few times and subsided, for by them.Now its too new-fangled, the tone sounds as if Faber does not believe that Montags plan becomes useless because the citizens in their world are accustom to not having books and not speaking up for what is right. Bradbury uses tone to display how Montags rebellion becomes useless because he has no one who lead rebel with him. This tone happens when Montag tries to tell Faber his plan. Not if you start public lecture the sort of talk that might get me burnt for my trouble. The only way I could possibly try to you would be is somehow the fireman structure itself could be burnt.Now if you suggest that we print extra books and cut back to have them hidden in firemens houses all over the country, so that seeds of suspicion would be pose among these arsonists, b ravo Id say (pg. 81) When Bradbury writes Burnt for my trouble, the tone sounds like Faber was not involuntary to risk his life for the rebellion against books being destroyed. Ray Bradbury uses tone to point out how Montags rebellion will be futile because who he came to for help (Faber) does not even want to help him he just points out the negative things of rebelling.This tone happens when Montag was telling Faber, the people that might be able to help. nookiet trust people, thats the dirty part you and I and who else will set the fires? (pg. 83) When Bradbury writes Cant trust people, the tone sounds like Faber believes citizens not being able to be trusted revels that the rebellion will be unsuccessful and should not be done. Ray Bradbury uses tone to show how Faber believes the rebellion will have an unsuccessful ending.In his writing he demonstrates how Faber states things that make Montags rebellion very useless. He also shows how Faber shows unwillingness to risk his li fe just to save books and the idea in books. Also how Faber feels it is too late to try to change the burning of the books. Bradbury writes about rebellion because he does not believe in banning books and believes that people should be aware of all aspects of life. Meaning he revels through his characters development that the world he lives in needs transformation.

The Baptist Faith Essay Example for Free

The Baptist Faith EssayMany Baptist can trace their origins to the early church, a period when churches consisted of committed worshippers who were baptized upon confession of faith as adults. Their beginnings have also been traced to medieval sects who protested against baptismal theory and practice. However, the Baptist faith is most commonly traced back to John Smyth and the Separatists who started the General Baptist Church in 1609. (McBeth) Baptist Churches did not start developing in the American colonies until mid-17th century. However, like any some other religion they have their ingest queerness and pros and cons. There are several different factors that make the Baptist religion stand out from other religions. One of the main wizs is the method of baptism. Some other churches baptize as infants, but the Baptist Church guess in believers baptism (McBeth). A believers baptism is an ordinance performed after a soulfulness professes Jesus Christ as Lord and Savior, an d it is symbolic of the cleansing of remission of their sins. This usually consists of lowering the view in water backwards, while the pastor recites the Trinitarian formula of Mathew 2819. King James Version) Another unique factor in the formation of the Baptist Church is that with separation of church and state, early Baptists played an grave situation in the struggle for religious freedom. In fact, many early Baptist were imprisoned and even died for their faith. One of the important figures in this struggle was John Smyth, a former Anglican priest. He taught that true worship should be from the heart rather than reading a liturgy (McBeth). The Baptist Church still holds this view today.Believe it or not, some Baptists still have their own opinions on the reasons why Christ died for all the people or not. With so many religions out there, it is up to the individual to choose their beliefs. The Baptist religion has a rich score and its own unique set of beliefs and teachings. Some of these beliefs may be seen as positive, while others may be seen as negative. It is up to an individual to research, study and pray about which religion is right. There is only one that will fill the heart.

Traditionally since Essay Example for Free

traditionally since EssayTraditionally since its inception, The drear Church in America has been a symbol of unity in the sullen community. In times of crisis it has cut across various religious positions and has served as a eldritch base camp for swarts in America for many years. It has also played a role in community participation, social activities and provided care for the sick and a place of refuge for the poor. During the civil rights movement the barren community looked to the perform leaders as an instrument that could effect change for their social conditions. During that time, sick church building building service service leaders were influential to many of the social changes that we partake of today. Any important institution of society allow for halt a number of roles and functions, and thus, an impact upon its membership. The Black church is no exception. In his study of the Black church, distinguished social scientist E. Franklin Frazier included a chapte r, The Black Church Nation within a Nation, in which he saw the church as an agency of social control, as an economic cooperative, as an educational institution, as an arena of political life, and as a refuge in a hostile exsanguinous world (Frazier, 1964).These functionspolitical, economic, social, and securityall at rill to the sacrilegious scope of the Black church. Some students of the Black church have supported this view of the churchs secular function. An example is Joseph Washington, Jr. (1964), referring to the work of the previous(a) Rev. Martin Luther King, Jr. as an extension of the religious role of the church into the civil rights area. Although Washington viewed Kings philosophy as a perversion of the uses of Christian theology, and tended to view this activity as negative, his rationale was found on a lack of emphasis on theology in the Black church.Other writers have tended to support the view that, the function of the Black church was not so much to foster the ghostlike growth of its members by its adherence to and development of the normal Christian theology of the church, as it was to serve their spiritually-related secular needs. St. Clair Drake and Horace Cayton, for instance, say in their study of the Black church in Chicago in the 1930s The blackamoor Church is ostensibly a religious organization, but Bronzeville expects it, too, to advance the race. Negro Baptists think of their congregation as a Race Church, and their leaders concern themselves with much(prenominal) matters as fighting the job ceiling and demanding match economic opportunity as well as serving the Lord. (Drake and Cayton, 1970 Pg 167). Kelly Miller also says that the Black church was not yet able to formulate a theological statement of its doctrine, that it broke from the white church and decided to go worship God under its own fig tree, and in so doing, true a distinctive orientation (Miller, 1968).Others, however, such as Gayraud S. Wilmore and James Cone , built on the Drake and Cayton notion of the Black church as a race church. They outlined the tendency of the Black church to be antiphonary to the dominant forces in the Black community by pointing to the compatibility between the Blackness of the church and the dominant ideologiessuch as Black powerin the community (Wilmore, 1973 Cone, 1969). Assuming these notions are true, it should be possible to test a theory of the responsiveness of the Black Church.Learning more about the function of the Black church is do urgent by the increased necessity for it to be responsive to the social needs of the Black community. The nature of these social needs is made urgent by the many new problems, of this age. STATEMENT OF THE job AND PURPOSE Todays problems which relate to the role of the church in secular activities is in its kindred to Black families. The number of Black families headed by Black females has continued to rise over the years verses some other ethnic groups.This dramatic rise may be attributed to an increase in babies born out of wedlock, carve up and separations, all of which have more serious underlying causes, and which also have ramifications on the ability to keep abreast adequate income for provisional needs. The church formerly was the home for many entire extended families in the Black community as such, it played a role in establishing standards of conduct legitimizing births, marriages, and deaths educating and caring for children and counseling get hitched with individuals.Consequently, the church was a resource center for the Black family, and played a role in its survival. If thither are now new pressures on the family whichin addition to employment-related difficultiesthreaten the survival of the family, it is also worthy to assess the modern role of the church and the bound to which it provides services to meet these new needs. In unclouded of the current problems facing the Black community, it is appropriate and necessary that a new assessment be made of the various institutions within the community which played a role in its progress.PURPOSE OF THIS STUDY The procedure of this study is to ascertain the present-day role of the Black church as a community institution, specially with respect to the views of the churchs leadership, membership, and individuals in the community. To what extent, if any, does the church leadership believe that the Black church should be involved in the community? How do church members perceive the scope of the church as it relates to non-secular activities? And to what extent do residents, especially non-church members, view the church as a community resource?

Technical Communication Essay Example for Free

Technical dialogue EssayChapter 1. Introduction to Technical conversation. conversation is the exchange of thoughts, message or teaching, as by speech, visuals, signals, writing, or behavior. Derived from the Latin word communis, meaning to shargon. discourse requires a sender, a message, and a recipient, although the receiver need not be present or informed of the senders intent to communicate at the time of conversation thus communication drive out occur crossways vast distance in time and space. Communication requires that the communicating parties share an commonwealth of communicative commonality. The communication process is complete once the receiver has understood the message of the sender.Technical Communication would mean a communication specific to the sender and the recipient and both would be from the same work of knowledge. This communication may not be understood by any others in the sense that the messages passed across are in a language that can be und erstood by persons from once bailiwick of knowledge. Here the importance subset of much(prenominal)(prenominal) a communication. Technical Communication is the flow or exchange of information within people or group of people sharing a common platform of standardized knowledge or people from the same field with or without the technical knowledge.Means of Communication1. communicatory Communication Spoken and pictorial languages can be described as a system of symbols (sometimes as known lexemes) and the grammars (rules) by which the symbols are manipulated. The word language in any case refers to common properties of languages. Language learning usually occurs most intensively during human childhood. Most of the thousands of human languages use patterns of sound or gestures for symbols which enable communication with others around them. Languages seem to share certain properties although many of these include exceptions. There is no defined landmark between a language and a dia lect.Constructed languages such as Esperanto, programming languages and various mathematical formalisms are not necessarily restricted to the properties shared by human languages. Communication should also include the queer of text, Braille, tactile communication, large print, accessible multimedia, as well as written and plain language, human reader, cosmetic and alternative modes, means and formats of communication, including accessible information and communication technology. Manipulative Communications are intentional and unknowing ways of manipulating words, gestures, etc. to get what we want , by demeaning, discounting, attacking or ignoring instead of respectful interaction. Sarcasm, criticism, presumption and swearing are examples.2. Non Verbal Communication A variety of verbal and non-verbal means of communicating exists such as body language, eye contact, sign language. Nonverbal communication describes the process of conveying meaning in the form of non word messag es. Research shows that the majority of our communication includes chronemics (use of time) , haptics (using the sense of touch),gesture, body language or perplex facial expression and eye contact, object communication such as clothing , hairstyles, architecture, symbols infographics, and tone of illustration as well as through an aggregate of the above. Speech also contains nonverbal elements known as paralanguage.These include voice lesson quality, emotion and speaking style as well as prosodic features such as rhythm, intonation and stress. Likewise, written texts include nonverbal elements such as handwriting style, spatial line of battle of words and the use of emoticons to convey emotional expression in pictorial form. 3Oral communication Oral communication, period primarily referring to spoken verbal communication, can also employ visual aids and non verbal elements to encourage the discussion, and aspects of interpersonal communication. As a type of face-to face communi cation, body language and choice tonality gambol a significant role, and may have communication also garners immediate feedback.Historic Stages in write Communication1. Pictograms in the form of stone graphics hence immobile. 2. Written form on papyrus, paper, system tablets. Introduction of common alphabets and also the invention of printing in the 15th century made the written form a very strong means. 3. Transfer of information through controlled waves and electronic signals.Effective CommunicationAll communication, intentional or unintentional, has some put. This effect may not be always in communicators favor or as desired by him or her. Communication that produces the desired effect or result is effective communication. It results in what the communicator wants. Effective communication generates the desired effect, maintain effect cast up effect. Effective communication serves its purpose for which it was planned or designed. The purpose could be to generate action, info rm, create appreciation or communicate a certain idea/point etc. Effective communication also ensures that message distortion does not take place during the communication process.

Revolution in France from 1789 to 1792 Essay Example for Free

Revolution in France from 1789 to 1792 EssayIn 1789, France was under a revolution. It was ruled by direct monarchy for centuries. Unfairness between Estates started to frustrate the people at the bottom of France. The French government was 4000 million livers in debt (Christopher Hibbert 1980 p.14). Besides the partial blames that Louis XVI deserved, the situation was quite out of his control. There were many other causal agents that chair to this revolution and every single problem was connected with each other. The most important short terminal figure factors were the bankrupting of government and the Famine. As for the most important long term factors were the morose taxes and the enlightenments. Though Louis XVI was partially responsible for the French Revolution, it wasnt his perfect fault, he just happened to be the scapegoat of some wrong industrial plant done by others.Louis XVI was famous for world weak and indecisive (Peter Mantin 1992 p. 5) and that was the main problem of his runway of the country. He was popular and beloved at first by all people of France because of his kind-hearted and compassionate personality, and hated later as his weakness and conservatism in politics and economics slowly appeared (Christopher Hibbert 1980 p. 3). He was too weak that even the maiden and 2nd Estates tried to control over him and he wasnt equal to do strong decisive actions (Christopher Hibbert 1980 p. 3).He even preferred personal hobbies to politics interests (Peter Mantin 1992 p. 4). The Aristocrats and the Church refused to uphold him out with money respectively in 1787 and 1788 when the country was in a financial crisis (Mr A J subject field 2007 Schoolhistory.co.uk). At last, Louis XVI lost all control over his troop and the people of France and was in a passive position afterwards. All these nonalignment between estates and failures were indeed because of him, however, it wasnt his entire fault. After all, the 1st and 2nd Estate was the people who refused to help and there were other more important issues that contributed to the French Revolution.Firstly, the reason why the government was bankrupt in 1788 that caused even heavier taxes on 3rd Estate was because of the humongous consume expenditures of Marie Antoinette and the league war with the British of Louis XV (Tiffany 2007 Franceattraction.com). Marie Antoinette spent a fortune on her favourite residence, The Petit Trianon on her stable of three hundred horses on her sessions at the gaming tables and also on her clothes, whichcost 100, 000 livers a year. Besides, she loved expensive jewelries her earrings from Charles Boehmer, the crown jeweler, cost 400, 000 livres and her diamond braclets cost 100, 000 livres (Tiffany 2007 Franceattraction.com). How about those parties that she had all day? angiotensin converting enzyme would have cost 200, 000 livres, no wonder the government bankrupted and was 4000 millions livres in debt. At that time, 50, 000 livr es per year was already a lavish income and great titled heads lived for a whole year off 50, 000 livres utmost (Tiffany 2007 Franceattraction.com). Moreover, his father and gramps spend loads of money on participating in the wars of Americans and British (helping Americans) and lost the war against other country (Ross Steele 2002 p. 102).Secondly, every kind of heavy tax fell on the sorry peasants while the aristocrats and the church service got every kind of privileges that they didnt have (Waugh S. 2002 p. 84). It was this frustrating unfairness oppressing the people at the bottom of France for centuries that propelled them. The government didnt impart the economic issues by earning more external tariffs and being less lavish, instead, they oppressed the Third Estate to present more taxes. There were all kinds of unnecessary and ridiculous taxes.Overall, the Third Estate was forced to pay bill (a tenth of their income or produce to church), pay a taille (a tenth to state) , pay a vingtieme (a fifth of property), pay a gabelle (tax on salt), pay a seigneurial tax (feudal dues), corvee (work tax), aide (tax on wine) and pay a capitation (tax on the number of family members)etc. (Greg Hetherton 1992 p. 18) Besides, the government even permitted the private tax collectors to raise tax whatever they wanted, thus, causing the poor peasants to afford those taxes that were even larger than their own wages and far more than the government requested (Peter Mantin 1992 p. 45).Thirdly, because of heavy rains and bad weathers, there were a series of poor harvest causing paucity in France 1780s (Invicta M. 2001 Theotherside.co.uk). umpteen people lived off the bread line and when there were any matters concerning crops, harvest and food distribution, everything could be canted into huge disastrous mess since people just wanted to survive. However, the poor harvest led to arise of food prices (especially bread) and only aworkers daily bread would have taken abo ut 97% of his income. The famine infuriated the hungry and desperate 3rd Estate and provoked food riots (Invicta M. 2001 Theotherside.co.uk). At this point, the place was in a total chaos.Last but not least, enlightenment played an important role in French Revolution. Without it, the French Revolution would be without a spirit to go on. This encouraged the people being oppressed by the 1st and the 2nd Estate to test the thing and to think themselves, instead of relying on false knowledge people gave. The five main ideas the philosophers came up with were religious freedom, freedom from absolute rulers, fraternity of all people, welfare for everyone and personal happiness as far as possible. These long term and short term factors, flamed by enlightenment, started up the French Revolution.I concluded that the French Revolution wasnt Louis XVI entire fault. He was only being at the wrong time in the wrong place. He was of manikin being weak and indecisive however, there were more imp ortant factors responsible to the revolution. The financial crisis of the government, heavy taxation on the 3rd Estate, poor harvest and enlightenment contributed to the French Revolution the most. Therefore, to a moderate purpose is Louis XVI responsible for the French Revolution.Bibliography-Greg Hetherton (1992). Revolutionary France Liberty, tyranny and terror. Camridge Cambridge University Press.-Peter Mantin (1992). The French Revolution. Heinemann Oxford.-Christopher Hibbert (1980). The Days of the French Revolution. USA Penguin Group.-Ross Steele (2002). When in France, do as the French do. Canada McGraw-Hill Professional.-Waugh S. (2002). Heinemann History Scheme, The early modern work, Book 2.Heinemann Oxford.-Mr A J Field (2007). French Revolution-Year 8-Schoolhistory.co.uk. Retrieved 3 Oct 2007 from http//www.schoolhistory.co.uk/year8links/frenchrevolution.shtml.-Tiffany (2007). Marie Antoinette Versailles. Retrieved 4 Oct 2007 from http//www.franceattraction.com/marie -antoinette.html.-Invicta M. (2001). French Revolution. Retrieved 4 Oct 2007 from http//www.theotherside.co.uk/tm-heritage/background/revolution.htm.

Adolescent Sexuality and Risk Factors Essay Example for Free

Adolescent Sexuality and Risk Factors EssayAdolescence is that period between childhood and adulthood, when the adolescent is discovering his or her own identity and dealing with the transition. It is in like manner a time of becoming more awargon of sex and establishing patterns for future relationships. Those identifying as nonheterosexual i.e. Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual or Transgender (LGBT), baptistery even more gainsays than their heterosexual counterparts.One challenge is their health. Russell and Consolacion (2003) conducted a study on the topic of romance and emotional health of adolescents. The authors concluded that youth who had same-sex attractions and who were not in relationships showed increased measures of anxiety and depression. They also had more suicidal ideation than heterosexual youth. The dangers of smoking be intimately researched and documented. Easton, Jackson, Mowery, Comeau and Sell (2008) in their study concluded that same-sex and bisexual youth are at greater pretend for tobacco use. The Center for Disease Control (CDC) notes that increased stress level, psychic health and other forcible health problems are common among LGBT youth (CDC, 2011).Ray (2006) in a study of homelessness among LGBT youth notes that they face a number of problems in additional to being homeless. They are at increased guess of mental health issues, high risk sexual behaviour to support themselves, substance abuse and victimisation.Education is important and LGBT adolescents face challenges in this area. Many of them are likely to be runaways so their education suffers as they are absent from school for long periods. Himmelstein Brckner (2011) noted that these young people were also at risk for being more severely punished at school and in the justice system. They are also victims of violence and discrimination at school, often being bullied, teased and harassed (LGBT bullying n.d.).Counsellors working with adolescents who are LBGT must be sensiti ve to the feelings of uncertainty, rejection and fear that these young people are experiencing.

Mian Mohammad Nawaz Sharif Essay Example for Free

Mian Mohammad Nawaz Sharif EssayDuring his second term, he notably enjoin Pakistans first nuclear tests in response to Indias nuclear tests. 1 He was ousted in an October 1999 array coup by Pervez Musharraf. He returned to Pakistan in late 2007 after eighter from Decatur long time of forced exile. He successfully c bothed for Musharrafs impeachment and the reinstatement of of import Justice Iftikhar Muhammad Chaudhry. He is a potent force in Pakistani politics. Early life and procreation Originally, his family came from the village of Heera mandi His family moved to Lahore before the creation of Pakistan for better farmland. 2 His family in like manner traces their roots to Shopian in the Kashmir valley. 3 He was natural in Lahore, Pakistan on declination 25, 1949, a year after the nations founding. He came from a family of scrap traders. His preceptor and uncles had a small steel business named as Ittefaq in Landa Bazar Lahore before the creation of Pakistan. He attende d St. Anthonys School Lahore. However, he a farsighted with his younger brother Shahbaz Sharif later on attended Pakistan railway system High School, Moghalpura, and Lahore. Both passed Matric from this school in 1964 and 1965 respectively.Nawaz Sharif got admission in the G overnment College of Lahore. He obtained his B. A. point in time after appearing in the supplementary examination. He attained his Bachelor of legal philosophy degree from the Punjab University Law College, which is also in Lahore. Business enterprise Ittefaq concourse He is a joint owner of Ittefaq Group. Ittefaq Group is one of the largest business conglomerates in Pakistan. He helped establish the Ittefaq Muslim Academy in Lahore, where students receive spiritual instruction in addition to their secular training.A practicing Muslim, Sharif comes from a religious family and has said he would irritate the teaching of the Quran, the Muslim Holy Book, a compulsory subject up to the secondary level. He appe ared in one 1st class cricket match from Pakistan Railway against Karachi in 1974 where he scored a duck. He and his cousins expanded their family iron foundry. They lost control of their business in the 1972 nationalization by Prime diplomatic minister Zulfikar Ali Bhutto. It was re-established in 1977 as Ittefaq Industries in Lahore.The business was returned after Sharif developed political links with President Mohammad Zia ul-Haq. By 1990, Ittefaq Industries was one of Pakistans most affluent conglomerates, with more than $450 million in annual revenues, up from about $16 million in 1981. It included the agriculturals largest private steel mill, Ittefaq Foundries (Pvt) Ltd, eight sugar mills, and four textile factories. Sharifs lowest worth is around US $4 billion. With upwards of hundred thousand employees, Ittefaq Group has played a significant purpose in the development and growth of industry in Pakistan.It has likely influenced Sharifs political course and pro-business s tance as well. Initial Political Career He principally rose to political jutting as a staunch proponent of the military presidential term of President Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq during the 1980s. He maintained an coalescency with Rahimuddin Khan. He also had ties with ISI Director- usual Hamid Gul, who played a substantial role in the formation of the Islami Jamhoori Ittehad- a bourgeois political alliance that supported Sharif. citation needed Punjab Advisory Council In 1981, he initially joined as a member of the Punjab Advisory Council under President Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq. He served as the parson of Finance and Minister of Sports under the barbarian political relation of Punjab. During his tenure, he was credited with increasing funding for sports activities and rural projects. He also wanted to continue the peaceful nuclear atomic program and to make Pakistan a truly Islamic state and to do so he introduced Islamic Laws such as the Shariat Ordinance and Bait-ul-Maal (to help poo r orphans widows etc) Moreover he gave tasks to the Ministry of Religious Affairs to prepare reports and recommendations for steps taken for Islamization. He ensured the establishment of trey committees. 1) Ittehad-e-bain-ul-Muslemeen 2) Nifaz-e-Shariat Committee 3) Islamic Welfare CommitteeHe believed in forming a Muslim Bloc by uniting all Central Asian Muslim Countries thus he extended the membership of ECO to all Central Asian Countries. Nawaz Sharif was pretty confident that he had majority in the assembly thus he ruled with considerable confidence. He had disputes with three successive army chiefs. He contended with General Mirza Aslam Beg over the 1991 Gulf War, with General Asif Nawaz over the Sindh Operation Clean-Up issue, and with General Abdul Waheed Kakar over the Sharif-Ishaq Imbroglio.To diffuse the tension him and Benazir and to disperse the long march he promised her to release her detained husband and to abolish the Eighth amendment her Partys co-operation (PPP). Ghulam took this as an fervidness on him by the ruling party so in order to win the presidential alternative he on April 1993, with the support of the Pakistan Army, used his reserve powers to dissolve the discipline Assembly and diagnoseed Mir Balakh Sher Mazari as the Caretaker Prime Minister. In May 1993, Sharif returned to power after the Supreme Court ruled that the Presidential grade as unconstitutional and reconstituted the National Assembly.In July 1993, Sharif resigned under pressure from the military but negotiated a solving that resulted in the removal of President Ghulam Ishaq Khan. Moin Qureshi became Caretaker Prime Minister. He was succeeded shortly thereafter by Benazir Bhutto in October 1993. split second term as Prime Minister U. S. Defense Secretary, William S. Cohen, with Prime Minister Nawaz Sharif, at the Pentagon, 3 December 1998. He was elected Prime Minister in 1997 to serve a non-consecutive second term. 7 In venerable 1997, he passed the controvers ial Anti-Terrorist Act which established Anti-Terrorism Courts.The Supreme Court later rendered the Act unconstitutional. In 1999, he met with Indian Prime Minister Atal Bihari Vajpayee at the Wagah border and signed a joint communique, known as the Lahore Declaration. 8 1998 Pakistans nuclear tests Pakistans nuclear tests were an important turning point in his political career. Pakistan carried out its successful nuclear tests on 28 May 1998, and on 30 May 1998, in response to the Indian magnification of five nuclear devices roughly two weeks before. When India tested its nuclear arsenal a second time, it caused a great alarm in Pakistan.After weeks of anticipation, Pakistan surprised the world by conducting its own nuclear tests. Sharif title an emergency on the same day as these nuclear tests were conducted. All the foreign currency accounts in Pakistani banks were frozen to minimize the effects of economic sanctions. Nawaz put the Pakistan Armed Forces on high spirited in ord er to defend countrys nuclear installations. He justified the tests on national security grounds, as they demonstrated Pakistans nuclear deterrent capabilities against an armed Indian nuclear program.Under Nawaz Sharifs leadership, Pakistan became the first Muslim country and seventh nation to become a nuclear power. Constitution Amendment In late August 1998, he proposed a law to establish a legal system based on the Islamic principles. 9 His plan came a week after 10-year commemorations of the late President Zia ul-Haq. The Cabinet removed some of its controversial aspects. 1011 The National Assembly approved and passed the bill on 10 October 1998 by 151 votes to 16. 12 However, the amendment failed to achieve two-thirds majority in the Senate. Weeks afterward, Sharifs government activity would suffer a military coup. Relations with the military During his second tenure, he removed General Karamat over the National Security Council disputes. He later had severe political confron tation with General Musharraf that resulted in a coup detat which removed him from office. At the end of General Waheeds three-year term in January 1996, General Jehangir Karamat was appointed army chief. His term was due to end on 9 January 1999.In October 1998, however, Sharif fell out with General Karamat over the latters advocacy of the need for the creation of a National Security Council. Sharif interpreted this move to be a conspiracy to return the military to a more active role in Pakistani politics. In October 1998, General Karamat resigned and Sharif appointed General Pervez Musharraf as army chief. During the Kargil War in 1999, he claimed to have no knowledge of the planned attacks, saying that Pervez Musharraf acted alone. 13 Military coupFurther teaching 1999 Pakistani coup detat On 12 October 1999, Sharif attempted to remove Pakistan Army Chief General Pervez Musharraf and appoint Ziauddin Butt in his place. Musharraf, who was in Sri Lanka, attempted to return through a commercial airliner to return to Pakistan. Sharif tell Sindh IG Rana Maqbool to arrest of Chief of Army Staff and Musharraf. He ordered the Karachi Airport to be sealed off to prevent the landing of the Musharrafs airliner fearing a coup detat. Sharif ordered the plane to land at Nawab Shah Airport.Musharraf contacted acquit Pakistan Army Generals who then took over the country and ousted Sharifs administration. Musharraf later assumed control of the government as Chief Executive. 14 Trial The military placed him on trial for kidnapping, attempted murder, hijacking and terrorism. The military court quickly convicted him and gave him a life sentence. 15 Under an agreement facilitated by Saudi Arabia, Sharif was placed in exile for the next 10 years. Return to Pakistan Failed Attempt in Islamabad On August 23, 2007, Pakistans top court ruled Nawaz Sharif and his brother, Shahbaz, were free to return.Both vowed to return soon. 1617 On 8 September 2007, Lebanese pol Saad Hariri an d Saudi intelligence chief Prince Muqrin bin Abdul-Aziz addressed an unprecedented joint press conference at Army House to discuss how Sharifs return would affect relations. 18 Muqrin stated that the initial agreement was for 10 years but these little things do not affect relations. 18 Muqrin expressed hope that Sharif would continue with the agreement. 18 On 10 September 2007, Sharif returned from exile in London 18 to Islamabad.Post-2008 elections His party had joined a coalition led by PPP but the alliance had been strained by differences over the fate of settle Musharraf dismissed shoemakers last year and over how to handle the unpopular president. 31 Sharif won much public support for his uncompromising cubicle against Musharraf and for his insistence the judges be reinstated. 31 The coalition successfully forced Musharrafs resignation. He also successfully pressured Zardari for the reinstatement of judges removed by Musharraf in emergency rule.This led to the courts cleans ing Sharif of a criminal record version him eligible to re-enter parliament. 32 By-Elections In June 2008 by-elections, Sharifs party won three National Assembly seats and eight provincial assembly seats, all but one in the countrys political nerve center of Punjab province, where Shahbaz Sharif heads the provincial government. 33 The Lahore seat election was postponed because of wrangling over whether Sharif was eligible to contest. 31 34 2008 Musharraf impeachment On 7 August 2008, the coalition government agreed to impeach Musharraf.

Wooden churches in Eastern Europe Essay Example for Free

wooden churches in Eastern europium EssayWooden churches in Eastern Europe represent distinctive feature of regional heathen heritage and ar probably the most valuable contribution of this land to the world art treasury. In this research we will make an attempt to make in-depth analysis of relationships between architecture and trope of these historical constructions in the light of local anaesthetic traditions and lifestyle. The study is divided into two dies illustrating satisfyings and techniques utilise to create these riveting buildings and aboriginal inclination principles tightly associated with regional culture. Construction materials and techniques. In Slavic world wooden constructions were possessive until mid-1950s. Vast territories covered with forest provided cheap, solid, and easy-to-access building material used for domestic, industrial, economic, defensive, public, and religious units. Most ancient architectural monuments of that area trace their root s back to early 10th century which is also recorded in chronicles and modern ethnographic materials.Traditionally architects recognize lead styles of Eastern European wooden churches including Hutsul style (originated from the raise of ethnical group in Ukrainian Carpathian Mountains), Gothic style, and Baroque churches adopted from western civilization . Hutsul churches pull in brought to us the oldest manner of Eastern European church building based on the principle of ternary a church has trine parts, three sections, and three towers. A Baroque tower gave name to 22 Baroque churches in this area. Churches with high spires and turrets represent the famous Gothic style in local communities. altogether wooden sacred monuments are based on log construction allowing various solutions in legal injury of horizontal planning and exterior design. Apart from quadrate frame, unique polygonal constructional forms are observed here curiously in altar rooms. Fir, spruce, and pine were widely used in constructing non-load-bearing parts of the building speckle oak, red spruce, and yew were applied while creating bearers and ribbands for the construction. Typically, buildings were placed on strong foundation st matchlesss joined together by clay, lime, and sand.Older generations remember seeing eggs, bulls blood, and breast milk combined together as an admixture for making the building stronger and more resistant to rains and storms . Initially for religious reasons no nail was used to make timber works and other(a) constructional elements firm. This practice was very common to many wooden churches end-to-end entire region and some parts of Russia where this architectural phenomenon was present. Numerous conducted studies and artifacts found show that no-nail technique doubtless has to do with associations with crucifixion.To solve this problem local craftsmen were trying to create climate-friendly unions to keep construction in one piece. Their invention of uni que blazes on assembling unions made it possible to start building churches without iron nails with diminish use of even oak wedges. strange Slavs, German tribes preferred pole and light-frame constructions. This type of wooden temples female genitalia be encountered in England and Northern Europe including Norway, Sweden, and Denmark. Similar architectural style has spread in Germany, Austria, Czech Republic, and Poland.The second biggest heritage of wooden temples is possessed by Norway and has strong historical roots directly attached with era of Vikings and their friendly relationships with Slavs . Exterior and interior design. One of the most distinctive features of monumental architecture is ternary design symbolizing Trinity. Significant number of wooden churches consist of three parts emphasized by three towers. The middle log of the temple is the biggest construction with square shape which has altar room inside. The former part is a shorter copy of the middle log and serves as an assembly hall for nuns.The back part behind the altar room is the highest one and since it is always facing east as the beginning of a new day and life it has become a landmark for many travelers. Traditionally, location of all three parts corresponds to laws of symmetry which means that horizontal axis of the wooden church intersects with its vertical axis in the very middle of the building . In Middle Ages this so-called triple style was popular throughout entire territory of Kyiv Rus being applied on concrete churches as well.Irrelevant of construction material or religion practiced in the church Slavs would always build their churches on top of a hill or in some remote area. Only rare spiritual architectural monuments are located in the village downtown. People from Eastern European community still believe that both(prenominal) wooden and concrete churches are too sacred to be situated somewhere close to the urban center downtown full of noise and turmoil. Sacral buildings in Eastern Europe (primarily east of Slovakia and west of Ukraine) oft had pronounced decorations on shingles.Wood carving ornaments covered approximately two thirds of the entire exterior design of the church. Rich decorations were stipulated by great number of carpenters and craftsmen who polished their talents on regular basis due to uninterrupted forests in the area. many an(prenominal) are still fascinated by remarkable iconostasis as a key and most valuable part of any church interior design. In wooden churches iconostasis is placed in altar room separating it from back part of the building. Iconostasis is a sea argue picturing sacred paintings decorated with gold.in concert these paintings represent iconography which requires strict observance of holy rules and selection of topics. Typical iconostasis in wooden churches commit three exits. The main one is located in the middle and is designed e particular(prenominal)ly for the main priest. Two other ones house secondary priests and deacons which are not allowed to use the main exit decorated with carved vermeil. Many wooden temples in modern Slovakia, Poland, and Ukraine preserved ornamental conical, A-line, and pyramidal domes. Impacted by baroque, quadrangular roofs acquired iv more corners turning into octagonal domes.Regardless of refusal from iron nails metal was still used to create excess escapeal details including crosses, gates, and window ironwork. Metal crosses placed on the top of each dome collective creativity and talent of local artists. Apart from esthetic purposes, exterior and interior designs of wooden temples performed educational function as well. Artists painted walls using simple tools to educate people with Old and New Testaments. To do that they chose the finest wall of the temple with no windows or doors.Then using simple paint and brushes to make foliated lines on the wall they pictured Jesus, Maria, prophets, disciples, and evangelists. Interestingly enough , non-religious episodes were also portrayed on those walls which corresponded to feelings and thoughts of people at that time kinda than specific sacral motives. Some icon illustrations were linked to specific life situations and peculiarities of local community which comprehend some saints as guarantors for their existence and prosperity. Most frequent images included St. George who based on local beliefs was aid farmers, St.Nicholas who protected houses from fire and guaranteed well-being for carpenters, St. Michael as a sky warrior, and many other religious spirits. much(prenominal) icons are marked with particularly exuberant ornament and thoroughly selected colors . Some of wooden temples in eastern part of Europe were not saved due to weather impacts and other electronegative influences. This is especially concerned World War I and World War II. Also active migration of local communities had negative effect on architectural monuments in general. However, once the church w as built by permanent local community it was being taken care of appropriately.Experts in the field of sacred architecture say, Eastern Europeans created design and architecture for their religious buildings that would remind them of closeness with nature and necessity to enrich inner world on regular basis. This is the reason why interior design alongside with its iconostasis and paintings are so exuberant and rich. Unlike Latin churches, wooden temples in this part of the world fascinate by its perfect combination with surround environment. Color scheme here plays one of the most important parts since green forests and deep cook represent perfect match .Because of the painful losses in local wooden architecture the pagan value of each saved church has considerably increased and all wooden churches constructed in traditional manner are to be protected irrespective of age. In conclusion it would be appropriately to bank note that wooden churches in Eastern Europe symbolize peculi arities of local communities including religious beliefs, lifestyles, and geographical location. They represent special interest in comparison to other highlands such as the Alps which offer no architectural contribution whatsoever.Educative function of wooden temples remains very valuable even today since wall paintings provide better view of historical reality. Due to its geographical location eastern regions of Europe have been equally influenced by neighboring cultures but still managed to preserve their own architectural identity. Works Cited Bragg, Rick. Wooden Churches A Celebration. New York Algonquin Books, 1999. Patterson, Joby. Wooden Churches of the Carpathians A Comparative Study. Bratislava East European Monographs, 2001. Sopoliga, Miroslav. Pearls of folk music Architecture. London Brand House, 1996

Grices Four Maxims

Grices Four MaximsGrice has proposed quadruple saws for conference. Firstly, Grice proposes two axioms under the umbrella of quantity. Speakers arrive at to make their contri nonwithstandingion as informative as is required and should not make their contribution to a greater extent informative than is required. These two maxims be clearly related to the amount of education given between the utterers in their conversation or confabulation. Grice indicates that the amount of reading between the speakers is necessity to let the communication goes on. Speakers need to bar superfluous information by dint of communication. Clearly, these two maxims are implicitly related to each other. A fair example is A man stops his vehicle in the middle of the road to briefly entreat you for directions. He may fill Where is the post office?, the listener may secernate Not farthest or Continue on, and make the second left up there. Youll see it (Jacob. 2001, 77). Clearly, the second r esponse is more related to the maxim of quantity. Secondly, Grice posits maxim of quality which indicates that Try to make your contribution one that is true but, this is unaffectionate into two specific maxims 1. do not say what you believe to be dishonorable. 2. do not say that for which you lack adequate evidence. (Grice 1989, 27). These two maxims seem quite distinct. The former requires speakers to al shipway say true things sort of false things while the second requires them to need more or less adequacy of their responses. For example, a speaker may ask Should I buy my son this new sports car?. Speaker B may respond I dont know if thats such a good idea, his car runs fine or Yeah that sounds like a good idea, his car breaks down all the time (Jacob. 2001, 77). Next Grice adds another maxim called maxim of relation. Grice refers to this maxim by simply saying that Be Relevant (Grice 1989, 27). With respect to this maxim, Grice believes that speakers should add relevant input to the conversation being done. For instance, a speaker may ask How are you doing in school?. Speaker B may reply What fine weather were having lately Or Not so well, Im afraid. Id rather not discuss it (Jacob. 2001, 77). Unfortunately, this maxim has received considerable criticism. Searle, Wilson and Sperber have all rejected and criticized this maxim. Searle added that though it is initially intuitive, it is at long last problematic (Searle 1992, 14). Lastly, Grice overly posits a tetradth maxim which indicates that speakers should avoid ambiguity and obscurity of expressions during their communication. They also have to be brief and orderly. A good example is Can you take come forward the trash? Sure, but we need to talk about how we are assigning the chores around here when I get back. (Jacob 2001, 77). Grice pointed out that maxims of manner may be lean and gave it little importance compared to the other maxims. Grice writes that It is obvious that observance of s ome of these maxims is a matter of less urgency than is the observance of others a man who has expressed himself with undue prolixness would, in general, be open to milder comment than would a man who has said something he believes to be false (Grice 1989, 27). Critics have argued that maxim of ambiguity is the most important one compared to the other maxims because of its direct relation to what is called equivocation. Grice (1989) also suggests that there are other maxims such as social and moral. He also presents four ways in which speakers despoil the four maxims. These ways are violation, opting out, a clash and flouting maxims. Guo (2006) presents a simple report of these four ways. The explanation comes in order. First, a speaker may opt out of observing the maxim due to his/her un impartingness to cooperate with another speaker in the way maxim requires. Second, a speaker does not observe the four maxims due to the difficulty of conciliating a maxim with another at the co rresponding time. Third, a speaker may also fail in observing the maxim because of his/her intention to great power the hearer to look for the meaning which is distinct from the expressed meaning. Lastly, a speaker intentionally violates the conjunctive principles which results in lying. In short, these four maxims have come as an assumption to effective communication among speakers however, speakers may violate these maxims which results in ineffective communication as Grice and his proponents have suggested.It is said that following the four maxims leads to effective communication. Here, the race between the four maxims and communication is discussed. Schoolfield (2007) asserted that Communication is considered the basis of Gricean hypothesis. It is also considered the point of conversation as clear communication can occur by means of a converse. Conversation is used to brand information from one speaker to another. The efficiency of this sending is determined by communicati on. Moreover, the similarity between Grices four maxims and the communicative goal of conversation, they require the cooperative principle to lead to effective communication. When one approaches conversations in footing of communication, the four maxims mustinessiness be mentioned. For instance, if a speaker does not give true information during his dialogue while his aim is communication, this seems that he does not act in a cooperatively. Schoolfield (2007) discussed the relationship between the four maxims and communication. He points out the first maxim Make your contribution as informative as is required, is required in communication. Speakers provide an amount of information to communicate the intended idea while others provide insufficient information as a violation to the maxim so that they will not achieve the goal of communication. Thus, if the person has the goal of communication, he/she must include relevant facts related to the topic of the dialogue. As for Do not make your contribution more than is required,, Grice (1989) believes that it is not necessary in communication. Culturally, this is clear in communicative countries where people find it desirable not to give excessive information during communication, as Grice notes, a angry of time (Grice 1989, 26). Communication requires do not say what you believe to be false, as there will be a failure in communication if one is not honest in the information he/she states. Schoolfield (2007) this maxim is far necessary in cooperative information communication so that the information must not express something false. In addition, Do not say that for which you lack adequate evidence, is an unexceptionable rule for communicators. Therefore, Schoolfield (2007) argues that there must be at least some basic level of spirit as to what can count as evidence or they may be very sobering breakdowns in communication. Relevance maxim is most desirable in communicative conversations because when we rece ive certain information, communication requires responses that are relevant to the information given however, it is sometime irrelevant in achieving the goals of communication. (Hintikka 1986 argued that relevancy is important in cooperative and effective communication however, many other have reduced the importance of relevance to efficiency. As to manner maxim, as Grice states, Avoid obscurity of expression, it is also necessary for effective communication since one must have clear and coherent communication. Schoolfield (2007) believes that if there is not some clarity in communication, then untold confusion will arise or increase for the listeners. Likewise, avoid ambiguity will be necessary for cooperative communication (Grice 1989, 27). Schoolfield (2007) explained that ambiguity arises due to two interpretations that come from one statement. Thus, the avoidance of ambiguity, with regards to effective communication, must only be followed when it can occur. Next is, Be brief ( avoid unnecessary prolixity), (Grice 1989, 27). Schoolfield (2007) believes that brevity is a ethnical norm and helpful in communication. Thus, while a consideration for avoiding unnecessary prolixity is acceptable, any come out of the closet of brevity being required for cooperative communication will be only decided at bottom a conventional framework. Lastly, Be orderly (Grice 1989, 27). Schoolfield (2007) indicated that this maxim is not necessary in effective communication. Instead, he has given much attention to the speed of giving information rather the orderliness of giving information. The Gricen theory is believed to be true not just for conversation, but also for written communication. Cooper (1982112) maintained that this theory is also common in writing and what Grice says about conversation applies equally to all communication. In conclusion, through this brief discussion of the four maxims and their role in communication, I can say that some of Gricean maxims are no t necessary in communication while others are.Gricen maxims play a crucial role in communication. However, his theory is always argued by many scholars and researchers. First, its not clear whether the maxims work in other languages and cultures as some cultures such as Malagasy follow completely different maxims in their communication. In their culture, speakers are not willing to share information. They tend to evade direct questions and reply incomplete answers. Second, they are not a complete listing of the rules we follow in conversation for example, there are also rules about, say, politeness, which are not addressed in his maxims. Third, the Gricean Maxims, despite their wording, are only meant to describe the commonly accepted traits of successful cooperative communication.

Cell Tissue Organ System

Cell Tissue harmonium SystemThe booth is the basic structural and functional whole of all known living being. It is the smallest unit of life that is classified as a living thing and is frequently called the building block of life. some(prenominal) organism such as most bacteria, be unicellular (consist of a single cell) and separate organism such as human beings, ar multicellular. Each cell can take in nutrients, convert these nutrients into energy, admit out specialized functions, and reproduce as necessary. It excessively stores its own set of instructions for selecting out each(prenominal) of these activities.All cells have a fell called the plasma membrane, protecting it from the outside environment. The cell membrane regulates the social faeces of water, nutrients and wastes into and out of the cell. Inside of the cell membrane atomic number 18 the working move of the cell. At the center of the cell is the cell nucleus. The cell nucleus contains the cells DNA , the genetic code that coordinates protein synthesis. In addition to the nucleus, there are legion(predicate) organelles inside the cell small social structures that help carry out the day-to-day operations of the cell. One great cellular organelle is the ribosome. Ribosomes participate in protein synthesis. The transcription phase of protein synthesis takes places in the cell nucleus. later this step is complete, the mRNA leaves the nucleus and travels to the cells ribosomes, where translation occurs. another(prenominal) important cellular organelle is the mitochondrion. Mitochondria are often referred to as power plants of the cell because may of the reactions that produce energy take place in materials. foreign the cell wall is a gelatinous capsule which has antiphagocytic function so it determines the virulence of more bacteria. It overly plays a occasion in attachment of the organism to mucous membranes. Most cells organelles fo cellular mobility are flagella. Flagell a arise from cytoplasm and extrude through the cell wall, they are long and thick thread-like appendages, protein in nature. Another outside structure of the cell are Fimbriae (pili). Fimbriae are short and thin hair like filaments and are responsible for attachment of bacteria to specific receptors oh human cell.II. DESCRIBE AND DISTINGUISH BETWEEN THE CELL AND thread ORGANIZATION AND SYSTEM.As the diagram showsCELL thread ORGAN SYSTEM HUMAN BODYA sort of cells with same structure and functions willing become waver and one to several dozen processes will be called organ and group of organ will function as a governance until it yoke with other functional and anatomical unit of the human body or organism.There are many different types of cells in the human body. None of these cells function well on their own, they are part of the large organism that is called human.TISSUESCells group together in the body to form winds a collection of similar cells that group together to pe rform a specialized function. There are 4 primary types in the human body epithelial create from raw material, connective waver, muscle tissue and bosom tissue.1) Epithelial TIssue The cells of epithelial tissue pack tightly together and form continuous sheets that serve as liningd in different parts of the body. Epithelial tissue serves as membranes lining variety meat and helping to keep the bodys organs separate, in palce and protected. slightly examples of epithelial tissue are the outer layer of the skin, the inside of the mouth and stomach, and the tissue surrounding the bodys organ.2) link Tissue Connective tissue adds support and structure to the body. Most types of connective tissue contain ropey strands of the protein collagen that add strength to connective tissue. Some examples of connective tissue include the inner layers of skin, tendons, ligamnets, cartilage, bone, fat tissue and personal line of credit.3) Muscle Tissue This type of tissue is a specialized tissue taht can contract. Muscle tissue contains the specialized proteins actin and myosin that slide past one another and allow movement. Examples of muscle tissue are contained in the muscle throughout your body.4) Nerve Tissue Nerve tissue contains two types of cells neurons and glial cells. Nerve tissue has the ability to generate and conduct electrical signals in the body. These electrical messages are manage by nerve tisse in the brain and transmitted down the spinal cord to the body.ORGANSAn organ is a structure that contains at least two different types of tissue functioning together for a common purpose. The skin is the largest organ in the human body and is composed of three layers the epidermis, dermis and subcutaneous layer. The epidermis is the outer lsyer of skin. It consists of epithelial tissue in which the cells are tightly packed together providing a barrier between the inside of the body and the outside world. Below the epidermis lies a layer of connective tissue called the dermis. corium contains blood vessels that nourish skin cells. It contains nerve tissue that proffers feeling in the skin. The subcutaneous layer is beneath the dermis and consists mainly of a type of connective tissue called adipose tissue. Adipose tissue is also known as fat and helps cushion th eskin and provide protection from cold temperature.ORGAN SYSTEMS harmonium system of ruless are composed of two or more different organs that work together to provide a common function. There are 10 major organ systems in the human body.1) impecunious System The main role of the skeletal system is to provide support for the body, to protect delicate infixed organs and to provide attachment sites for the organs. Major organs are bones, cartilages, tendons and ligaments.2) Muscular System The main role of the muscular sysem is to provide movemet. Muscles work in pairs to move limbs and provide the organism with mobility. Muscles also control the movement of material through some organs, such as the stomach and intestines, and the heart and circulatory system. Major organs are skeletal muscles and smooth moscles throughout the body.3) Circulatory System The main role of this system is to hold nutrients, gases, hormones and wastes through the body.Major organs are heart, blood vessels and blood.4) Nervous System The main role of the system is to relay electrical signals through the body. The nervous system directs behaviour and movement and, along with the endocrine system, controls physiological processes such as digestion, circulation, etc.Major organs include brain, spinal cord and peripheral nerves.5) respiratory System The main role of the respiratory system is to provide gas exchange between the blood and the environment. Primarily, Oxygen is absorbed from the atmosphere into the body and carbon dioxide is expelled form the body. Major organs are nose, trachea and lungs.6) Digestive System The main role of th esystem is to breakdown and absorb n utrients that are necessary for festering and maintenance. Major organs are mouth, esophagus, stomach and large intestines.7) Excretory System The main role os this system is to filter out cellular wastes, toxins and excess water or nutrients from the circulatory system. Major organs are kidneys, ureters, bladder and urethra.8) Endocrine System The main role of the endocrine system is to relay chemic messgaes through the body. In conjunction with the nervous system, these chemical messages help control physiological processes such as nutrient absorption, growth, etc.Many organs exist in the body taht secrete endocrine hormones. Among these are hypothalamus, pituitary, thyroid, pancreas and adrenal glands.9) Reproductive System The mai role of this system is to manufacture cells that allow reproduction. In the male, sperm are created to inseminate egg cells produced in the female. Major organs for female are ovaries, uterus, vagina and mammary glands for male testes, seminal vesic les and penis.10) Lymphatic/Immune System The main role is to destroy and remove invading microbes and viruses from the body. The lymphatic system also removes fat and excess fluids from the blood.Major organs are lymph, lymph nodes and vessels, white blood cells, T- and B- cells.III. EXPLAIN TISSUE STIMULUS, ELECTRICAL FUNCTION AND BALANCE AND ITS IMPLICATIONS FOR INTERACTION BETWEEN CELLS AND SYSTEM.Neurons are the structural units of the nervous system that carry out the functions of the systems by conducting impulses. They are highly specialized and amitotic, which means that if a neuron is destroyed it cannot be replaced. Functionally, neurons are classified as afferent, efferent, or association neurons, according to the direction in which they transmit impulses telling to the central nervous system. Each neuron has three basic partsCell body, which is similar to other type of cellsOne or more dendrite, which transit impulses to the cell bodyA single axon, which transmits impu lses out from the cell body